^o THE JUKES. 



6. Where an adult oscillates between the poor-house and the jail, 

 it raises a presumption there is either acquired disease or an entail- 

 ment of bodily or mental weakness from the parents. 



7. What is called the deterrent effect of punishment may be only 

 a hastening of the assumption of the pauper condition by such under- 

 vitalized adults. It marks a phase in the effort to gain a living in 

 the direction of least resistance. 



8. The tendency of pauperized criminals is to commit misdemea- 

 nors or crimes against person. 



9. Hereditary pauperism seems to be more fixed than hereditary 

 crime, for very much of crime is the misdirection of faculty and is 

 amenable to discipline, while very much of pauperism is due to the 

 absence of vital power, the lines of pauperism being in many cases 

 identical with such lines of organic disease of mind or body as in- 

 sanity, consumption, syphilis, which cause from generation to gen- 

 eration, the successive extinction of capacity till death supervenes. 



10. Rape, especially of little girls, is a crime of weakness, and, 

 when occurring after the meridian of life has passed (from 35 to 45), 

 marks the decadence of vitality and the consequent weakening of 

 the will-power over the passions. 



Relations of Honesty, Crime and Pauperism. — It has already been 

 noticed that the illegitimate children of Bell were industrious and 

 honest, and that the eldest, a mulatto, was " the best of his genera- 

 tion," while the fourth child was the father of criminals. On follow- 

 ing down to the next generation of this fourth child, we find the two 

 eldest children honest, the first one acquiring property, the fourth 

 one a criminal contriving crime, and the two next children the pa- 

 rents of criminals, while the youngest is a pauper. In the most 

 vigorous branches honesty and industry are first in order, crime 

 second, and pauperism third. This order may be observed in the 

 following cases : 



Case 30. In Bell's stock, chart III. (lines 1 to 15), children, grand- 

 children, and great-grandchildren. 



Third ( '^'' ^^^^^ty and industry, with honest descendants. 



Generation ) ^^' ^o^^^ty and industry, with descendants honest, criminal and pauper, 

 ( in the order named. 



