THE JUKES. 67 



or the children of people of culture and refinement who become 

 felons j or again, of the converse of these, of children whose parents 

 were criminals, and yet have re-entered the ranks of the repu- 

 able. 



Different kinds of crime need special study. Thus crimes of 

 contrivance in their various forms, as burglary, embezzlement; 

 crimes of education, as forgery ; crimes of brutality, as malicious 

 mischief and murder ; crimes of cunning, as pocket picking, false 

 pretenses ; crimes of weakness, crimes of debauchery, crimes of am- 

 bition, crimes of riches, crimes of disease. Pauperism also needs a 

 series, and this and crime need to be compared to each other, and, re- 

 spectively, to a third series, investigating the growth and permanence 

 of generations morally developed. The study of human nature thus 

 pursued would give us a classified variety of characters, conditions 

 and tendencies covering gradations so perfectly distributive that we 

 could take any typical case, follow from this as a central point in 

 any direction and note the shades of change which lead to other 

 typical cases and so get a right conception of the continuity and es- 

 sential unity of sociological phenomena, and perhaps discover a law 

 of social equivalents. Such a series would form a body of evidence 

 which would furnish data enabling us to pronounce judgment upon 

 any scheme put forth to counteract the increase of crime, and sup- 

 plant the empirical method now in vogue, by one of exact and well- 

 founded laws, derived from a patient and extensive study of the 

 phenomena involved. 



Having discussed the elements of the subject, the various parts 

 are presented (table XL) in a statistical aggregate. The line 

 headed " Marriageable Age "* will give, very nearly, the number of 

 adults in each generation : girls of 14 and boys of 18 are included 

 under that heading. 



The social damage of the " Jukes " estimated. — Passing from the 

 actual record, I submit an estimate of the damage of the family, 

 based on what is known of those whose lives have been learned. The 

 total number of persons included in the foregoing statement reach 

 709 ; besides these, 125 additional names have been gathered since 



