72 



THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



Long Island ; at Brooklyn in Ivings countj', and 

 at Rochester in Monroe county. New York ; at 

 FaU River, and in the southeastern portion ot 

 Massachusetts; at Oakland, (Rutland?) A't. ; 

 from Pennsylvania and Maryland to South 

 Carolina and Georgia ; in northwestern Ohio ; 

 in southern Michigan, and in Indiana. 



This brood has been well recorded in the 

 (" East in 1715, 1732. 1740, 17G6, 1783, ISOO. 1817, 

 183-1, 1851, and 18C8. It is spoken of in "Ilaz- 

 /.ard"s Register" for 183-t, published in Phila- 

 delphia, while Mr. Rathvon has himself wit- 

 nessed its occurrence during the four latter 

 years iu Lancaster county. Pa. 



It is the 4th brood of Dr. Fitch, who only says 

 tliat it '• reaches from Pennsylvania and :Mary- 

 land to South Carolina and Georgia, and what 

 appears to be a detached branch of it occurs in 

 tlie sontheasteru part of Massachusetts." It is 

 strange that he does not mention its appenrauco 

 in New York, for Mr. F. W. Collins of Roches- 

 ter, in that State, infonns us that lie lias wit- 

 nessed four returns of it there, namely, in 1817, 

 '34, "51 and "08, while the Brooklyn papers re- 

 <;ord its appearance there the present season. 

 As these two points in the State are about as far 

 apart as they well can be, the intervening coun- 

 try is probably more or less occupied with this 

 brood. 



Mr. II. Rutherford of Oakland,* Vermont, 

 records their appearance in that neighborliood 

 in 1851 and 1868. (N. Y. Semi- Weekly Tribime, 

 June 27). He also witnessed them in the same 

 place iu 1855, and as will be seen by referring to 

 Brood XIII, they also occurred on Long Island 

 and in southeastern Massachusetts in that same 

 year, 1855. Exactly 13 years intervening be- 

 tween 1855 and 1808, one might be led to sup- 

 l>ose that they had a tredecim brood in the East. 

 But did such a brood exist, it would certainly 

 liave been discovered ere tliis, in such old set- 

 lled parts of the country, and we are forced to 

 conclude tliat tliey have nothing but septemde- 

 rini there. By referring to Brood VI, the mys- 

 tery is readily solved, for we find that in that 

 part of tlie countr>' there are two septemdeclm 

 broods — the one having last appeared in 1855 — 

 I lie other the present year, 18G8. 



in Ohio, this brood occurred more or less 

 tliroughout the whole western portion of the 

 State, for our correspondents record them as 

 liaving appeared in 18(J8 in Lucas and Hamilton 

 and several intervening counties; and all the 

 evidence we can get tends to prove that they 



• We can And no such post office m Oakland in Vermont, 

 imd incline to believe that the Tribune compositor made 

 < lakland out of Rutland, and more espeQiallv us Rutland 13 

 uu the Neft' York border. 



belong to this Brood XVI. Mr. Franklin ('. Hill 

 of Yellow Springs, in Green county, southwest 

 Ohio, has witnessed their appearance in 1834, 

 1851 and 1868, and they occurred in the north- 

 western part of the State during the three same 

 years ; while the correspondent to the Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture, from Toledo, northwest 

 Ohio (.July. l«(;.s, :M(nithly Rep.), says it istlieir 

 iHli recorded visit there. 



In Indiana we have reliable evidence of their 

 appearance iu iscs in (he southern part of tlie 

 State; iu Tippecanoe, Delaware, Vigo. Switzer- 

 land, Hendricks, Marion. Dearborn, Wayne and 

 Richmond counties. The evidence seems to 

 show that, as in Ohio, tliroughout the State they 

 belong to this septemdecitn Brood XVI, for Mr. 

 F. Guy of Sulphur Springs, Mo., has personally 

 informed us that tlie)- were in southern Indiana 

 in 1851, and even in Tippecanoe county, on the 

 Wabash river, where from their proximity to 

 Brood XIII, we should have inferred them to be 

 tredecim. they are recorded as appearing 

 iu 1851. 

 ^ In Pennsylvania they were to be seen the 

 present year from Pittsburg to Ilarrisburg. and 

 from Lancaster to Philadelpliia. They swarmed 

 ill the Cumberland valley, and occurred very 

 generally throughout the State in belts of from 

 two to five miles wide, running north to south. 

 From the above synoptical view it results 

 that there will, during the next 17 years, be 

 broods of the Periodical Cicada somewliere or 

 otherinthe United States in A. D. "6!). 70, "71, 

 '72, 74, 77, 78, 7!». "Sd, •«]. -.s;!, "si and ■S5,but 

 none, so far as we air at present advised, in A. 

 D. 73, 75, 76, or 's-j. It further apjiears that 

 the number of distinct broods appearing in dis- 

 tinct years within the following geographical 

 districts, are as follows : In soutlicrii New Eng- 

 land 4 broods, years '(j!!, 72. 77 and "85; in 

 New York 4 bn.li.l-. \cais 72, 77, ".s;! and ■.S5: 

 iuNew Jersey!' 1,i(mhU, years 72 and 77; in 

 Pennsylvania 1 lirocul-. vears 7(t, 71. 72. 77, 

 '80, "83 and 'S5; in Ohio 7 broods, years '72, 78, 

 '79, '80, '81, "83 and 'S5; in Indiana 2 broods, 

 years 71 and '85; in Illinois 4 broods, years '71, 

 '72*, 78 and "81*; in Wisconsin 2 broods, years 

 71 and '82; in Michigan 2 broods, years 

 '71 and '85; in Iowa 2 broods, years '71 and '78; 

 in Nebraska 1 brood, jear 74; in Ivan.sas 1 

 brood, year 79; in Missouri 4 broods, years 

 72*, 78, 7'.i and "81*; in Louisiana and I^l'issis- 

 sippi 2 broods, years 71* and '81* ; iu Arkansas, 

 Indian Territory, Alabama. T<>nnessee and Ken- 

 tucky 1 brood, year "si* ; iu (ieorgia 2 broods, 

 years '81* and "x'l : in South Carolina 1 brood, 

 ^ year '85 ; in North ( arolina 3 broods, years "81 ?, 

 ' '84 and '85; in East and West Virginia 3 broods, 

 years '72, "80 and 84; in IMaryland 2 Iiroods, 

 years '72 and '85; and in Delaware 1 brood, 

 vear '72. 



