74 



THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



into the form of an Appendix — to be "skipped " 

 at discretion by the general reader. 



APPENDIX TO THIS CHAPTER. 



Osten Sackcn has repeatedly complained— and with 

 very great justice too— of the exceedingly slovenly man- 

 ner In which certain European authors have attempted 

 to define and limit the multiplicity of new Cvni|iiclous 

 senera which they have thought fit to i-tal.li-li (/Vm,'. 

 ^nt. Soc. Phil.. IV. p. 338, etc.). In "ur paiMi- ..n 

 Cynip.': {Ihi'l.. II. pp. 4G»-9 and 477-Mi "ill 1"' l"iin.l, 



CoUare very often, and sometimes the pleura and me- 

 sonotum, and occasionally the tip of the scutel, more 

 or less rufo-sanguineous. Abdomen shining and pol- 

 ished; "ventral valve" rectangular at tip, with only 

 a very minute apical thorn, thin and semitransparent 

 and of a pale rufous color. " Dorsal valve " distinct, 

 but never shovring the ovipositor projecting from its 

 tip. Legs bright rufo-sanguineous. Winns hyaline; 

 veins and cross- veins scarcely tinged with brown; the 

 radial area fully thrice as long as wide, with the 2nd 

 transverse vein attached to it scarcely ]-6th of the way 

 to its tip. Cubitus obsolete at its origin from the 1st 

 transverse vein. All the longitudinal veins nearly, but 

 nnt qnitp. iittaining the margin of the wing. — Length $ 

 (I li-d.ll inch. 



riir r^ .lillcrsfrom $ only as follows:— 1st. Thehead 



to be sutlicir 

 more than Mil 

 ions of coiirsr 



anything 

 'se, opin- 

 s thought 



the body, 14-jointed, joints 1 — i as in $, joints 5—13 

 very slowly shorter and shorter, joint 14 a trifle longer 

 than 13. 3rd. The legs are of a darker and duller color, 

 md the hind tibia; are obscurely tinged with dusky to- 



N A. GENERA OF CV.\IPIDJ3 PiENIDES. 



.\. The second abdominal joint (couutinR the peduncle as the firstj vcr^ 

 large; the rest quite small and sub-equal. 



1. Ventral valve leinale moderate Cynipa, on Oak. 



2. Ventral valve female enormously elon-^ D>,nriitpo nn Uni^ 



Bate, horny and shininK j Hhodites, on Kosc. 



B. The 2d abdominal joint moderate; the resti 



Bmallerandsnb-equal. (VintralvalvcjTribaHa, on Polalo. 

 female nearly as in '^ttodites) \ 



C. The 2d and 3d abdominal joint!, large, the 3d 



rather smaller than the aeconu ; the rest 



1. Sdjointol antcnnx longer than 4th I3iaBtrophuB, 



2. 3d joint of antenna; shorter than 4th Antistrophua 



D. Abdominal joints 2—7 sub-equal Ibalia, 1 



ANTiSTKorntJs, n. g. 



Infrsts Lijgnilcniiiia (Family OompositcE) stni differs as 

 follows IVoiii I>i;tf/r,:pfiii,i. a genus infesting Bramble 

 (A'lihiis) iinil niT;iM..iKilly the allied PotentiUa (Family 

 Rosac,u):—Ul. Till- :!.! joint of the antenna; is much 

 shortiT tliiiii 111!' nil, wlicieas not only in Diastrophus, 

 but ill all otliii ' •r,ipii'i,i loinwn to us, joint 3 is longer, 

 and often vti-y niin h Iciijci ili:iii joint 4. 2d. I5oth trans- 

 verse veins in llio riMiil win- aiT I'lillv as slender as the 



other veins, ;il st nitirrly .olorlc-s as well as the other 



veins, and not inargineil iiy any cloud whatever. 3d. 

 The radial area is more elongate, but otherwise similarly 

 shaped: and as in Diastropkus cuscutaformit! o. s. (bii't 

 iiotin B. nehulosus 0. s.) the areolot is obsolete. 



Aiifis/ropht/s I. phrim, n. sp. $ Hlack. //,,;,/ opaque, 

 confluently and almost mirroM-opirally imnrtate, tlic 

 face with very tine and shcni appi i ->iil imljcsccnce; 

 color, a dark nifo-sanguineou-, \ri\ laia ly on tlie occi- 

 putvci-L'ing upon black. Aiitcnna' 4 jllisas long as the 

 body, l.;-joinUal. joint 4 longer by }., tbaiijoint 3,joints 

 ."i--li \riy -lowly shorter and shorter, joint 13 as long as 

 II ami Vl ]iiit logcther; the two hasal joints almost 

 alway- l.larL , I lie rest of a dark rufo-sanguineous color. 

 Th.'r.i., (.|ia.|iir, i oiitkiently and almost microscopically 

 piinriair: iiir iMiajisidal grooves distinct and acute, 

 the il.n-al our olisolcteou its anterior J.;, and with an 

 abliK \ iaiial lon-itudinal groove on each .side of it, ex- 

 tending IVoin the rollare half way to tlic s.nitrl Scutcl 

 large and inflated, directed upwards aii'l backwards, 

 its tip widely rounded and with a sli-bt nualial cniar- 

 gination ; the normal basal fovcK shall. iw and almost 

 confluent, and covering about H of its upper surface. 



•Girand, as stated by Osten Sacken, reared what he has 

 described as a Diaatrophut from a gall growing on the Com- 

 positous plant Centaurca stabiosa. {Verh. Zool. But. 

 Gesellsch. Wien., IS.W. p. ^r--* i W- stronily susiject tlaat 

 this gall-fly belongs in i, ahix i., ,.iir n.w ^-finis ,l«/is/ro- 

 phus. Tliegciiiis i'/M,, 1 I . . I, ,,r uhirh a single 



species, Ph. ccntatut i . ;.. . ii,.| IVoiii the stalks 



of Centaurca scabiosn u\ ihai ;iuiliMr, as iniotiMl bv Osten 

 Sacken, is apparently a ^uu.,i-ily, auil is piubably luquiU- 

 iioiis on Giraud's so-called Diaslrophua, which was des- 

 cribed three years after Foerster published. (See Verh. 

 d-nheinl. Vercim fur Nalurk., XVII, p. U5, 1856.) 



wards their tips.— Length (j> 1.10—0.11 inch. 

 Described from 29 c?,34 $,wl 



from galls kindly sent us in the preceding 



rhich came out May 12tli- 



by E P. Austin ot Omaha, Nebr. We had pre- 

 I iously bred a few specimens cJ 2 of the same insect in 

 he spring of 18fj8 from galls gathered by ourselves on 

 the Plains of the West from the very same plant. Ac- 



the spring of ISfiS from galls gathe 



the Plains of the West from the very same plant. 



cording to Dr. Asa Gray {Manual, 4th edition, page 



xcv.) this plant also grows in Wisconsin, where no 

 doubt the same galls may be met with upon its stems 



C.\BBAf?E BUTTERFLIES. 



BY CHAS. .S. MIXOT, BOSTON, MASS. 



There is a certain group of butterfles known, 

 scientificall)', by the name of Pieris, to farm- 

 ers as "Garden "Whites" or " Cabbage butter- 

 flies." They arc easily recognized by the fol- 

 lowing characters : The wings are generally 

 white, with inconspicuous black markings, and 

 occasionally with green or yellow underneath ; 

 they are very broad and have no scallops or 

 indentations in the mar^n ; the hindwings in 

 outline resemble an egg. " The feelers (palpi) 

 are rather slender, but project beyond the head ; 

 the antennaj have a short flattened knob. Their 

 flight is lazy and lumbering. The caterpillars 

 are nearly cylindrical, taper a little towards 

 each end, and are sparingly clothed with short 

 down, which requires a microscope to be dis- 

 tinctly seen. They suspend themselves by the 

 tail and a transverse loop, and their chrysalids 

 are angular at the side and pointed at both ends." 

 (Harris). 



This genus is interesting, though disagreeably 

 so, to every farmer, for the diflferent species are 

 very destructive to various vegetables : among 

 others cabbages, nasturtium, mignionette, cauli- 

 flowers, turnips, and carrots. We propose now 

 to notice only two of the species, as that number 

 will .serve to indicate the habits of the whole 

 genus — which every farmer should be familiar 

 with, so that he may be able to recognize and 

 destroy snch dangerous foes. 



