ENTOMOLOGIST AND BOTANIST. 



273 



for, were this not the case, it would soon niultiph^ 

 to such a degi-ee as to be beyond our control. 

 We know of no less than five distinct parasites 

 wliich attack it — some living singly in the body 

 of the caterpillar, and issuing from the chrysalis 

 without spinning any cocoon of their own ; others 

 living singly in the body, but forming a cocoon 

 of their own inside the chrysalis of their victim, 

 and still others infesting the cateriiillar in great 

 numbers, and completely filling the chrysalis 

 with their pupoe.* 



The best time to destroy these worms is soon 

 alter they hatch from their httle round yellow 

 eggs, which are deposited in clusters; for, as 

 already intimated, they then feed together. 



With the exception of the Grape-berry Moth 

 {Penthina vitivorana, Pack. f), of which we gave 

 au account, which it is needless to repeat, on 

 pp. 177-179 of our first volume, we have now 

 described all the insects belonging to the Scaly- 

 winged flies [Lepidoptera) that can be considered 

 injurious to the Vine. There are several other 

 species of Lepidoptera which may occasionally 

 be met with in the vineyard, but they are either 

 very general feeders, which only exceptionally 

 stray on to the Vine, or of such rare occurrence 

 that they canuot possibly be included in the list 

 of G rape-vine depredators. In our next we shall 

 commence on the different Beetles {Colcoptera) 

 that belong to this list of bad Grape Bugs. 



alon . 



2. Ichneumon sitboja 

 p. 14S), and hh.iinl 



male and suh.ij.mcu 

 have bred i'lum ,s>Wi 

 ing tutlu>d,-cn|.t 



ing 1 



)theML>c 



fMr. 



(J. Zelle 



specimens of onr N. A .s|k( i. ~ Inrd imn 

 lis that this moth is notliin^' im-mv iliaii tli- 

 botrana^ which has lonir '"in kiidwn lo 

 Southern Kui-ope. Our i;nii» -li.i i \ .M^i 

 imported species, and, in incurdiun.- 

 priority, must heucefurtli Iji- ». i.uiiiicall 

 European name. Thus wt- have -lill aii-itlK 

 jurious species to add to tlu- list ..r Iiu|i,j 

 there is so great a similarity Ijetwcen our 

 that of Southern Europe, that a knowledge 

 often of great advantage in detennining our 



ive enimierate the 

 I infest this cater- 

 vm. IV, J). 171). 

 . Soc. Phila., m, 

 P., in, p.UG), 

 ■ is evidently the 

 I a* species, as we 

 nales all answer- 

 I uo females both 

 f. 3. Ichneumon 

 -. 1, p. 308). 4 

 :mO). 5 A small 

 1 )ipteron belong- 



alter exaraiuing 

 1 grapes, inform.s 

 European Lobesia 



insect fauna 

 of their specif 

 own. 



In a lecture on "Insect Pests,'' delivered by 

 Mr. Treat, before the Vineland Agricultural and 

 Horticultural Society, the lecturer advised his 

 hearers to carry all the toads they can find into 

 the garden, as they devour immense quantities 

 of insects. A toad will swallow the largest 

 specimen of a tomato worm, although sometimes 

 he e\'identlv has a hard time of it. 



Erratum. — Page 2i4, col. 2, line 24, for "(C. 

 thyoides)" read "(C. disticha, Linn.)" 



ENTOMOLOGICAL JOTTINGS. 



[We propose to publish from time to time, under the above li 

 extracts from the letters ot our correspondeuts as coptain eiitom 

 worthy to be recorded, on account either of their scientific or of 

 cat importance. We hope our readers will contribute each their 

 towards the general fund ; and in case they are not pertectly i 

 names ot the msecta, the peculiarities ot which are to be mentioi 

 specimens along in order that each species may be duly identified.] 



Cypress-Gall — The Wrong Tree. — Savan- 

 nah, Tenn., June 24, 1870. — The Cypress-gall 

 which I sent you, and which you figured and 

 described on page 244 of this volume, was taken 

 from the Taxodium distichum of Kichard {Cup- 

 ressus disticha, Linn.) instead of the C'upressus 

 thyoides oilAnuodWi, as stated in the description. 

 The latter, growing in the lower Southern 

 States, is a small tree known to us by the com- 

 mon name of White Cedar, while the former is 

 our Cypress of the swamps — the only tree we 

 refer to as Cypress when not talking science. I 

 take all the blame to myself, for the mistake 

 duu'.itless grew out of my neglect to mention 

 upon what kind of cypress the gall occurred. 

 J. P. S. 



Fighting Curcclio— Cew^mfe, Ills., May 18, 

 1870.— We have made a grand war on the Cur- 

 culio, and I think have saved our peach crop. 

 The Little Turk has been caught here by thou- 

 sands this season, and we never had so fine a 

 prospect. M. M. Hooton. 



Radish Maggots— iVewa?-A,-, N. J. June 8, '70. 

 — I send you some pupte of Radish Maggots. 

 These maggots spoil the greater part of my first 

 crop of radishes, operating a little below the 

 surface of the grouiul. At first there is a streak, 

 slightly discolored, near the centre of the radish 

 about an inch under ground, and soon there 

 will be a depression opposite that part. In a 

 little time this part of the radish will be com- 

 pressed in size, and within, it will be perforated 

 through and through, just as the apple is with 

 the Apple Maggot {Trypeta povionella, Walsh.) 

 Radishes planted later do not suffer. We now 

 have the second planting, and it is almost free. 

 I gathered the whole crop that was infected, 

 putting them in boxes of earth, and then cover- 

 ed them about two inches with more earth, and 

 I have hundreds in the pupa state— some to send 

 to you, more for myself, and still more for some 

 pet chickens that follow me closely in all my 

 garden operations. Occasionally I have to 

 shoot some roving tom cats, that think young 

 chickens their game. Such dead cats I allow to 

 lie in the walks, as a warning to other cats, till 

 they become too offensive to be longer above 

 ground. They are then buried about a foot deep. 

 In eight days more, if the weather is hot, the 

 little chickens scratch over those graves from 

 morning till night. Sometimes I help them 



