334 



THE AMERICAN 



IS Mini Tortriiiildiis larv.T to ilevoiir the green galls, 



ii -n. 111. 1 1. i^ on wliii-h I W!is experimenting 



i I I. .. lo|pj..il ..(■ their main limbs, or 

 ilii II uti|.iiiicipled proprietors 

 ' I i' II, I" 1 ;, '1' -iiuiisijluttaining some practical 

 1]. sjjunyijica cuiiM generate q. aciculala, as well 



L-rse, I strung a chaplet of some 50 or 60 green Q. 



galls, gathered before it was quite time for C. q. 



In cnin- nut of them, upon a particular bough of a 



ii.M liliuk oak, known not to bear these galls. 



.Jill hiivous person discovered this deposit, anil 



after the expii'ation of many, many years, produce a genera- 

 tion of males ? In the Cynipidous genus Rhodiles the males 

 are for the most part extremely rare . In certain species of the 

 Pseudonenroptcrous genus Psocm—Ps. bipujiclatm (Europe) 

 and Ps. varncgatus (Europe) — "you may,** in the words of 

 Dr. Ilagen, ' ' find thousands of females together and not a 

 single male." {Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. U, p. 168) Many 

 other such cases have been recorded by entomologists, as 

 regards insects belonging to many different Orders . And 

 from such a state of things it is but a single step to the non- 

 productiou of males for one, two or more years The rarity 

 (if males, liowfvcr c.\ce.isivu it may be, even if it amounted 



'I" ••■■ II I ''1 was destroyed by parasites, and the re- 

 'II 'i - \ ,' I ;.ii; so thatall that thisexperiment proved 



"I il o ■ , /!'.i.i was a gall-maker, and not, as Dr. 

 Kiiulianl .su-i;r<t.-i may jio.ssibly be the case, an inquiline. 



Upon another occasion, wishing to repeat the very same 

 expcrijuent a.s the last, I strung another such chaplet of green 

 oak-apiiles upon a large black oak, which I had noticed for 

 years to grow in a very retired spot upon the Bluffs, with not 

 another oak of the same species within a quarter of a mile of 



which, 





v\ .....I - . :in.| :i- 111 lu.lv Would have it, 



.. "1 III Uiuy iim.st needs sek-ct my quiet re- 



I I Vrpsichorean exercises. The result may 



or course my chaplet of oak-apples was 



. ' iiy .sonu! roving Teuton; of course the 



I'll' I' -. iii!.l\ : I . M a solemn council as to 



II I I ' i 1. and awful prodigy; 



I '! Ihat the "spooks" 



11 '^^ il i"i 'li'purposeof souring 



iiMking the strings of all the fiddles, .iml 



nil manner of horrible calanuties upon 



1 1 K refore the wizarjl spell must be broken , 



t " e " like 1 tl tro 1 



I 1 ot kno 1 tl SI k r It 



n lut I knov lo I 1 It mjs It tl t 



t 1 tl t c 1 le ol 1 oak in 1 tl 



ts of y gall t ami 1 1 to tl c d t be 



3 a bo ols 

 wo d— to 1 



1 



To return from this long, and I fear somewhat tedious, 

 digi-ession : No man can distinguish between the imago (f 5 

 of Halesidola lesseltaris, Sm. &Abb.,the larvaof which feeds 

 upon a great variety of trees, but never rm the Sycamore 

 iPlalanus) and thatof H. Harrisii, Walsh, the larvaof which 

 feeds exclusively on the Sycamore, and dies if transferred 

 to trees upon which the other larva nourishes ; and yet these 

 two larvK are invariably as different from each other ae light 

 is from darkness.* Many more such cases might be quoted, 

 but one such is enough to prove the importance of attending 

 to the larval history of insects. 



Dr. Fitch long ago asserted that the common imported 

 Apple-tree Bark-louse (^Aspidiotus conahifoi-mis, Gmeliu) 

 occurred also upon a N. A. dogwood (Cornus serieea) ; and 

 he sent specimens of both insects to the English entomologist. 



.lolm ( 





I pronounced them identical . (N,y, 

 Rep I, ji "(1 1 hivr recently been assured by Dr. Hoy, ol 

 Raciii. ■■ I i 111 It to his knowledge this same bark- 



lousi 1 ill. neighborhood of Racine upon the 



sami sj., , 1. ..I I.. \\ .....l for the last twenty years and up- 

 wards, ami liiat ■' there is not the least sh-adow of a doubt 

 that the Uogwood was affected by this bark-louse long before 

 any white miin settled in Wisconsin." Now, it is only 

 witliiu tlie last few years that the imported Apple-tree Bark- 

 louse has worked its way into Wisconsin from the Eastern 

 States: conseciuently, the bark-louse that inhabits the dog- 

 wood can scarcely be capable of living upon the api>le-trce, 



e n so caiab' t o 'd su '} have t k d 



tl \\ 1 ilf tr e lo {, a o wl e r t f llo s 11 It 



I all 



t feu s 



