RECENT LITERATURE. 



255 



Occasional Memoirs of the Chicago Entomological Society. Vol. I. No. 1. 

 March, 1900. Containing :— 



(1) J. L. Hancock : " Some New Tettigid^ from Madagascar," based on 



the collection of the English orthopterist Burr, pp. 1-16. Plate I. 



(2) J. Tough : " A New Species of Gomphus " [Neuroptera] , pp. 17-18. 



(3) J. G. Needham : " Insect Drift on the Shore of Lake Michigan," 



pp. 19-26. 



(4) A.. J. Snydek : " The Argynnids of North America," pp. 27-38. 



Another addition to the already unwieldy periodical literature of 

 Entomology. It is, however, but just to say that it apparently pos- 

 sesses distinct scientific value. 



De. Needham discusses the mortality among insects occasioned by 

 storms and floods. He remarks that at certain times there are " a few 

 insects cast up by the waves [of lakes, &c.] habitually," viz. May- 

 beetles (Lachnosterna) in early summer ; strong-flying butterflies (Anosia 

 plexipjnis, &c.) throughout the summer ; and on warm hazy days in 

 September and October, grouse-locusts (Tettigidse) ; these he considers 

 have fallen into the water alive, since they are able to crawl upon the 

 beach, although sorely battered and torn. On Lake Michigan beach, 

 however, in August of last year, the light-coloured sandy beach 

 appeared black after a couple of days' storm, being thickly covered 

 with " millions " of black crickets (Nemobius fasciatus), either dead or 

 half-drowned, in a continuous line in both directions. There were 

 other insects present, but in vastly inferior numbers, and the " wreck- 

 age " was examined carefully for a mile along the shore. " Only 

 insects seemed to have suffered by the storm ; no other dead animals 

 were seen on the beach, save the occasional fishes which are always to 

 be found there." 



The next day was spent, three miles south, in studying the harvest, 

 a mile of the shore being qualitatively examined. 



Orders. 



Lesser Groups. 



Conditions 



on approaching 



shore. 



Orthoptera. 



Odonata. 



Lepidoptera. 



Coleoptera. 



Diptera. 



>» 

 Hymenoptera. 

 Trichoptera. 

 Hemiptera. 



Gryllid^e — Crickets. Mostly alive 



Acridiid^B. ,, 



Tettigidte. 

 Locustidffi. 



Coccinellid*. 



Scarabaeidfe, &c. 

 Asilidte — robber-flies. 

 Muscidfe, &c. 

 Bumblebees and Wasps. 



Stink-bugs. 

 Water-bugs. 



All alive. 

 Few alive. 

 None alive. 

 Mostly alive.' 

 A few dead. 

 Many dead. 

 Mostly alive. 

 All dead. 



Mostly alive. 

 Mostly dead. 

 Few dead, but 

 fewer uninjured. 



Finally killed, 

 per cent. 



50 

 50 



100 



100 



100 



5 



75 



40 

 100 

 100 



10 

 100 



90 



* " But with 

 foes." " Every 



wings ruiued for flight ; ultimately the victims of predatory 

 few feet along the wind-row, perched on some high point, 

 would be seen a poor butterfly, trying vainly to use its ragged wings." 



