TORTRICES TAKEN IN SOUTH ESSEX. 133 



P. betulcBtana, Haw. — Found in the same localities and in the same 

 way as the last, but much later ; in fact, I have this year taken a 

 worn specimen in September. 



F. caprceana, Hb. — Local and scarce. I have beaten it from Salix 

 caprea once or twice at Warley and near Upminster. 



P. -prcelongana, Gn. — Another local and scarce species, occasionally 

 beaten out of birch bushes at Warley and Ingatestone at the end of May. 



P. pruniana, Hb. — Very common throughout amongst blackthorn. 

 I once beat out a curious creamy variety exactly corresponding to the 

 var. nuhiferana of cynosbatella. This was at Box Hill, however. 



P. ochroleucana, Hb. — Not scarce in hedges where plenty of its 

 food-plant, wild rose, grows. I have occasionally taken it at light. 



P. cynosbatella, D. L. — Very common throughout ; larva polypha- 

 gous. Dock (!), whitethorn, blackthorn, apple, cherry, are some of 

 its food-plants. 



P. dimidiana, Tr. — The late Mr. Machin assured me that he once 

 took a specimen at Loughton, but I fancy that, accurate as he was, 

 there must have been some mistake, as its food-plant most certainly 

 does not grow there. 



P. gentiana, Hb. — Common in the larva state wherever the teasel 

 grows, seldom seen (unless bred) in the imago state ; the finest 

 specimens I ever bred were from teasel heads gathered in the winter 

 of 1890 on Canvey Island. 



P. sellana, Hb. — Local, and from its dull colours and quickness of 

 wing is often missed. I have taken a very few at Stanford-le-Hope, 

 Thames Haven, Leigh, and Upminster. 



P. carbonana, Dbl. — A single specimen captured by a friend in a 

 boggy place near Upminster is the only record I have. The food- 

 plant, Stachys palustris, is not uncommon on the spot. The allied 

 species fuligana, Hub., I have not met with. 



P. nigricostana, Haw. — Fairly common wherever its food-plant, 

 S. sylvatica, grows. Larvae may be found in the early spring in the 

 dead stems. 



Antithesia salicella, L. — Fairly common wherever willows are to be 

 found ; at rest usually on the trunks and sometimes on the leaves. 



Hedya ocellana, Fb. — Very common, and in great variety throughout 

 amongst whitethorn, on which the larva feeds in May. 



H. lariciana, Zell. — Not rare in the Brentwood district on larch, 

 on which tree the larva and pupa may be found. I have not taken it 

 elsewhere in South Essex. 



H. pauperana, Frr. — I may just mention this species, which has 

 been taken rarely in North Essex, but so far not in the southern 

 portion, I believe. I took a beautiful series in April last in this 

 county (^Surrey). 



H. aceriana, Dup. — A little local, but common in many places 

 among Populus nigra and other species of poplar ; usually at rest on 

 the trunks or any neighbouring fence. 



H. dealbana, Frol. — Very common wherever I have collected 

 amongst poplar, oak, whitethorn, &c. The melanic var. alnetana not 

 uncommon. 



H. neglectana, Dup. — So often mixed up with the two preceding 

 species by beginners, is locally abundant on willow trunks along the 



