236 THE ENTOMOLOCilST. 



insect's middle plane than the first pair does ; it is a little larger 

 than the latter, and also transverse. The third to eighth pairs lie 

 at the side of the insect in the membranous part of the pleuron 

 close to their solid chitinization ; they consist of oblique, apically 

 downwards inclining fissures, and are all large, the first three 

 pairs the biggest, and about the size of the dorsally-situated 

 second pair.* z^' 



Deviations from this dorsal structure in the other Fulgoridae 

 examined by me appear to be tolerably feeble, and of subordinate 

 significance. Some more essential examples may be mentioned. 

 In'^Araopus crassicornis the first and second pairs of spiracles 

 are proportionately importantly smaller, and (as it seems) shorter 

 and broader than in Fidgora ; their situations with regard to the 

 outer part of the metanotum, and with regard to one another, 

 are the same ; the third to eighth pairs lie in the solid part of 

 the pleuron, which here, on account of the breadth of the 

 sternites, looks laterally just like the upper membranous part. 

 fnEuryhrachys sp. the third to eighth pleura are very broad, but 

 a chitinized lower part is not particularly developed— at least the 

 pleura are everywhere membranous without special differentiation 

 in the quality of the skin. ln^Tettigo77ietra costidata the second 

 tergite has nearest to the lateral margins a very considerable 

 length, and its ovate spiracle lies in the tergite itself; but the 

 relative situations of this and the first pair are as in Fidgora ; 

 the spiracles of the third to seventh pairs lie a little inwardly in 

 the solid part (of the pleura), which turns obliquely outwards 

 and downwards ; on the eighth segment the solid spiractiliferous 

 pleural part is coalesced with the sternite. The peculiar Flatidse, 

 with elevated comj)ressed abdomen, accord essentially with the 

 medium-sized Fulgoridae. 



A resume of this well-marked family may be stated as follows : 

 the dorsal situation of the first and second jJairs of spiracles, the 

 location of the first pair in the angle of the metanotum, the 

 looking outwards essentially or totally of the third to eighth 

 pairs of spiracles situated in the pleura, which are either in great 

 part or totally lateral, and consist of an upper essentially or 

 quite membranous part, and a lower portion, which is mostly 

 strongly chitinized. 



■'' Judging from observations on these|lateral si)iracles in Calyptojn'octus , 

 their structure is very peculiar, but I have reason to believe that their forma- 

 tion is not uniform in the different forms ofN^ulgoridae ; so that I entirely 

 omit a description here, as I am not able to make it complete. 



(To be continued.) 



