THE AUCHENORRHYNCHOUS HOMOPTERA. 16B 



setae were found in Ledra, but in this form the darker coloured 

 bands were wanting (m). In all the forms examined with the 

 microscope (see enumeration at the observations on antennae) 

 a peculiar process (n) is found, projecting somewhat from the 

 inner surface of the claws at the place where their connection 

 with the empodia terminates. This process — which is generally 

 firmly chitmised, sometimes, however, slight and feeble, but 

 always furnished with small chitinous bristles — is not firmly 

 united to the claw, and appertains decidedly to the empodium, 

 although, seen in protile, it usually resembles a tap (or stopple) 

 from the inner margin of the ventral part of the claw. These 

 processes are easily seen in many dried examples of exotic 

 Cercopinae and Aphrophorinae, but in several forms I have not 

 , been able to detect them with certainty, and I have no very 

 "^^ precise opinion whether they are then actually lacking, or (as in 

 ^ Philcenussjjamarius) only very small and feebly developed. The 

 tarsi oilnaclicBrota, which have been examined with a lens, seem 

 to accord with the other Cercopidse. 



Family-characters, therefore, may be stated thus : — The em- 

 podia are very thick, united ivith the claws for a considerable, or 

 very considerable, part of the length of the latter, their free apical 

 margin is not properly incised, and on their under side are seen two 

 firm longitudinal bands. q^ 

 \c> 3. Fidgorida. — In Fulgora the empodium, seen from above 

 (f. 13), is short, almost rectangular, oblique, partly somewhat 

 firmly chitinised, and is only united with the claws closely 

 around their baseband for the^ rest projects freely forward 

 ^ between them. l\PCalyptoyfroctiis,^ictyop]iara, Cixiiis — and the 

 C Delphax group (f. 14) QjmOpa>ciloptera (f. 15) the emjDodia are 

 notably stoutly formed (strongest in the two last named types), 

 and project for some distance forwards between the claws, but 

 are only united with these for a shorter (not nearly half the 

 J length of the claws), or very short, space, and may be either 

 ^ {Megamelus) considerably — somewhat diffusedly — chitinised, or, 

 on the contrary ^oecUoptera), entirely membranous with a couple 

 of small chitinous strips out near the margins on the upper side. 

 IrPTettigometra (f. 16) they are entirely membranous, and reach, 

 seen in profile, out to a trifle from the apices of the claws ; seen 

 from above, however, they are united with the inner margin of 

 the latter, only for somewhat over half of their length. In 

 y/^ Calliscelis* they reach, when the tarsi with extended claws are 



'■■'• In this form the basal segment of the posterior tarsi is strongly dilated, 

 and the under surface partly beset with peculiar bristles (pi. ii. f. 17 b), many 

 of which are flattened, spatula-shaped, with rouuded-off ends ; while others 

 are longer, pointed, and somewhat flattened out. These do not appear to be 

 fastening-hairs of the quality which are found, for example, on the tarsus of 

 Cerambycidae. Some dilation is also seen in the middle segment of the 

 tarsus. Similar tarsal structure has been also observed ixpEitrybrachys. 



