84 



THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



the articulation, straight, shorter than the femur ; 

 fingers as long as the femur ; slender, straight, 

 viewed in profile a little incurved, the tips hooked 

 suddenly, the movable finger a little shorter ; both 

 with a series of sharp teeth inside ; legs slender, 

 the two anterior pairs as long as the bod)', the 

 two posterior pairs extending beyond the body 

 the length of the tarsus ; hypopodia oblong, a 

 little incurved, those of the first pair a little 

 pointed before ; trochanter short, a little longer 

 than thick ; femur long cylindrical, tibia half as 

 long as the femur ; first ta'rsal joint as long as the 

 tibia, second as long as the femur ; the two pos- 

 terior pairs with the trochanter and base of the 

 femur enlarged ; femur with a spurious articu- 

 lation before the middle ; first tarsal joint shorter 

 than the tibia ; all legs with long fine hairs ; two 

 very slender and strongly curved booklets on 

 tip ; between them an anchor-shaped plantula 

 with a thin cylindrical stem. The palpi of female 

 are as long as those of the male. Length 2.3""" 

 = .09 inch. Hab. Wyandotte Cave. Indiana ; 

 five males, one female in alcohol. The female 

 has a small external indentation of the movable 

 finger of the mandibles ; the finger of the males 

 has no Indentation, but in two specimens the tip 

 is somewhat broader, more obliquely cut, and 

 with a fine engraved line where the indentation 

 should be." 



The discovery of this blind Pseudo-scorpion 

 in America is very interesting. It belongs with- 

 out any doubt to Schioedte's genus Bht/irus, 

 which on careful examination proves however to 

 be merely ChtJioniiis with undeveloped eyes, and 

 is the smallest species known. 



" C. {Blothriis) spcLcus differs by the longer 

 tibia of the palpi, and by the two anterior pairs 

 of legs with a two-jointed tibia. The last state- 

 ment is doubted by Mr. Simon, but Mr. Schioed- 

 te's accuracy is so well known, that his statements 

 are to be accepted. {B.) Abcillii has much longer 

 palpi and legs, and the sexes of dissimilar devel- 

 opment. {B.)breviiua7ms\?>on\y\iXiO\vn to me b)' 

 an insuflficient diagnosis. {B.) cephalotcs seems 

 rather similar to {B.)Packardi, only a little larger, 

 the mandible granulated, nearly as long as the 

 thorax ; the fingers of the palpi equally longer." 



Another form, with two eyes, occurs in the 

 Mammoth Cave ; 



It is "pale )'ellowish ; the thorax, mandibles, 

 palpi, legs and segments of the abdomen about 

 the same color ; the base of the mandibles a little 

 darker, the abdomen between the segments and 

 on the sides paler. 



I have seen only three specimens in alcohol, all 

 from the Mammoth Cave region, one couple from 

 one locality and a female from another locality. 

 I have compared all very carefully with C. {Blolh- 

 rits) Fackardi from Indiana. They are a little 

 longer, 3 to 3.2 millim long, a little darker, or 

 perhaps a little less white, but all three have on 

 each side of the thorax one eye, distant from the 

 anterior border as far as the length of the diame- 

 ter of the eye ; the movable finger of the mandi- 

 bles is not indented. The examination of all 

 other details shows no difference. Hab. From 

 the bottom of Doine, Mam. Cave, with dead bat, 

 Nov. 9th, and Long Cave near Glasgow Junction, 

 Ky., one mile from daylight, May nth." 



My specimens, two males and two females from 



the Rotunda in Mammoth Cave, have each two 

 C3'es, which however vary in the convexity of the 

 cornea and are so faint as to be easil}' overlooked. 

 The males are very white, one of the females 

 shows traces of an indentation on the mandibu- 

 lar finger. The male from which the figure was 

 drawn measures 3 millim. in length, or exclusive 

 of the mandibles 2.3'""'. The hairs upon thorax 

 and abdomen, which are correct!}' represented in 

 the figure, differ slightly from the description of 

 the blind form, but the}' are probably vari- 

 able. 



In his article in Zoologischcr Auzcigcr, July 

 1879, Dr. Hagen refers to this form as follows : 



" * * As the position and number of the 

 e)'es has hitherto furnished for C//t'///t'''-genera a 

 trustworthy indication, I had described it as a 

 new species.* A subsequent very close compari- 

 son with {Blothrus) Fackardi gave as a result that 

 the two species appear to be identical, only, the 

 former has two eyes, the latter is blind. Further 

 research showed that neither can be separated 

 from the genus Chlhonius, which has two eyes 

 on each side. Consequently we have here the in- 

 teresting fact, that ChtJioiiius living without the 

 caves has two eyes on either side, and that within 

 the caves live forms of this genus, in which either 

 only the anterior pair of eyes is aborted, or these 

 too are wanting, and light-refracting cells (licht- 

 brechende Kerne) under the skin at the base of 

 the sensitive hairs seem to form a partial substi- 

 tute for the wanting organs of sight." 



To Dr. H. Hagen my grateful acknowledg- 

 ments are due for invaluable aid and suggestions. 

 I have added nothing to his observations on 

 Pseudo-scorpions, the portions indicated by quo- 

 tation marks are copied almost verbatim from his 

 manuscript. 



Atropos diviiiatona Muell. — This is one of our 

 commonest insects and found ever3'where. Its 

 occurrence in the Cave, though probable, is not 

 certain, as it was found upon offal from the Cave 

 after it had been taken to Detroit. The two 

 specimens of Psocus found in the Rotunda have 

 been examined b}' Dr. Hagen who pronounces 

 them fully developed imagos, but of the short- 

 winged kind. They have developed eyes and 

 three ocelli and are therefore not n3'mph:c. Dr. 

 Hagen sends the following notes : 



"The short-winged imagos differ from the 

 nympha; by the short wings fastened only to the 

 exterior corner of the thorax, and the wings are 

 even shorter than the wing-covers of the pupae 

 would be. Both belong to the Psoci with three- 

 jointed tarsi, therefore to Myopsocus (one Amer. 

 species known) or to Elipsoctts (three Amer. 

 species known). But as the N. Amer. species ol 

 Psocus are very imperfectly studied, this species 

 may belong to one still undescribed. 



At all events it is particularly interesting that 

 in the caves such imagos imperfectly developed 

 occur." 



* Under the manuscript name C. (Blothrus) incerttis. 



