THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



with the distributing-plate disconnected, so as to 

 show the mode of adjustment.* The nozzles 

 c c c are connected with the conducting pipe {a) 

 by means of a nut (/'), and throw the liquid on to 



a distributing-plate (li) of brass, backed and 

 strengthened \>y an outer layer of tin. This 

 plate is secured in place b}' means of a screw 

 soldered beneath the nozzles, running through 

 a tube connected with and rendered firm by a 

 bow (c) soldered at each end to the outer layer 

 of the plate. The screw issuing from this 

 tube receives a nut ; while still greater se- 

 curity is given to the plate by a projection, f;, 

 beneath, which fits into a tube (//) attached to 

 the nozzle-piece. The liquid, therefore, 

 strikes the plate at an obtuse angle, but 

 instead of one jet of li(iuid, as in the Binkley 

 sprinkler, Mr. Schier brings three to bear on 

 the same plate, the orifice of each nozzle 

 being as large as the head of an ordinary pin. 

 This sprinkler can be operated either as 

 shown in Fig. 112 or fastened to a frame on a 

 cart. When the distributor is held down the 

 spray is directed upward, and it can there- 

 fore be used for spraying the under side of 

 the leaves. 



" The peculiarity of this machine consists in 

 the fact that with an exceedingly small and 

 light instrument an efficient spray can be 

 produced that reaches over five rows of cot- 

 ton, the strength of the distributing 

 apparatus being such as to warant great 

 concentration of pressure. The con- 

 trivance may be considerably simplified, 

 and Mr. Schier, who calls his atomizer 

 the " Diana Cotton Sprinkler," is now 

 perfecting a machine that will supply 

 three of these atomizers and cover 

 sixteen rows of cotton at once, so 

 that in one day from 150 to 200 acres 

 maybe poisoned. 



"Ruiimann's Improved Atomizer. — For his 

 improved sprinkler, a patent of which has been 



* Mr. Schier writes that in his sprinkler, as it is patented, 

 there is an arUlitional arrangement for conducting b.ack the 

 hquid that drips from the plate. 



applied for, Mr. Ruhmann uses the same pump 

 and tripartite discharge-pipe already described 

 and figured (Figs. 96 and ii5«), and the improve- 

 ment consists in an entirely new arrangement 

 for producing the spray. In 

 Fig. 115, which shows the im- 

 proved sprinkler in operation, 

 the letter rt represents the dis- 

 charge-pipe, b b b three rutiber 

 tubes (each about one foot in 

 length, with the intermediate 

 somewhat shorter) that connect 

 the three arms of the discharge- 

 ])ipe with the nozzles or sprink- 

 lers proper, (r<r r. One of these 

 is represented on a larger scale 

 in Fig. 116, and consists of a 

 tin pipe about eight inches in 

 length and somewhat funnel- 

 shaped, in order to fit tightly in the rubber 

 tube. To the anterior end of this pipe is soldered 

 a conical nose, a, having an orifice of about the 

 size of an ordinar}- pin-head, or large enough to 

 prevent clogging b}' minute obstacles, larger 

 ones being prevented from entering the pump hy 

 the strainer connected therewith (Fig. 95). Op- 

 posite this orifice, and almost touching it, is the 

 point of another conical, hollow piece, b, with a 

 slightly dilated or recurved rim, and held in po- 

 sition by a stout wire, c, soldered on to its edge 

 and to the side of the tin pipe. The liquid, is- 

 suing with great force from the orifice, strikes 

 the point of the hollow cone, and is carried in 

 all directions along its sides, when, by striking 

 the bent rim, it is scattered in a bell-shaped spray. 



[Fig. 115.] 



\tomizer in operation. 



[Fig. 116.] 



Ruhmann's Improved Atomizer. 



"With these three atomizers the spray may be 

 distributed over seven rows in calm weather, 

 and over nine rows if the wind be favorable. 

 The price of the machine, including the pump, 

 is $7.50. This form of sprinkler has also the 



