ON THE HUSK, OR HOOSE IN CATTLE. 435 



had gone off from the others, and on examination, when they 

 died, the worms appeared to have either died, or to have left 

 the lungs, but left them too much diseased and ulcerated for 

 recovery ; the head and throat of these were considerably 

 swollen, similar to what is often in a sheep in the last stage of 

 the rot. 



At the time the disease was at its height in 1834, Mr. 

 Brown, surgeon, of Lewisham, who happened then to be 

 attending my family, took considerable interest in the progress 

 of the disorder, and examined the lungs and windpipe of one 

 that died. He found a few straggling worms in the upper part 

 of the windpipe, enveloped in frothy matter ; these appeared to 

 have either crawled or to have been coughed up. At the lower 

 part of the windpipe, and throughout the main air vessels of 

 the lungs, were clusters of worms knit up together, sufficient 

 in quantity to fill a common sized tea-spoon. The inner mem- 

 brane, or lining, at the lower part of the windpipe was eaten 

 away, and considerable appearance of inflammation in that part 

 of the lobes of the lungs were partially ulcerated. To the 

 naked eye the worms appeared to be a sort of ascarides, about 

 as thick as common sewing thread, and from an inch to an inch 

 and a half in length. On examining them with a microscope, 

 with a strong light underneath, they appeared as large as a 

 common eel, sufficiently transparent to observe the circulation 

 of blood in their veins, and in shape pretty much like a leach. 

 When first taken out they appear rather dormant, but warmth 

 seemed to revive them. The animal from which they had been 

 taken had been dead some five or six hours. 



Mr. Brown appeared to doubt whether any remedies could 

 be applied sufficiently strong to destroy the worms without 

 danger of killing the animal, but recommended as an experiment, 

 giving twenty grains of calomel, with a little scammony, and to 

 make them inhale the gas made from muriatic acid, black oxide 

 of manganese and vitriol, similar to that used in fumigating 

 apartments to prevent infection in fevers, scarlatina, and other 

 contagious diseases. These remedies I tried, but without any 

 evident effect. 



In my former letter I mentioned several remedies which had 

 been recommended by veterinary authors and others ; I will now 

 enumerate some others which I have since met with — not so 

 much from the proofs I have had of their efficacy, as for the 



