NOTES ON THE WAVE MOTHS. 43 



Antenna. 7. Metathorax. 8, 9, and 10. First three abdominal seg- 

 ments. 11. Fore wing. 12. Hind wing. 



Fig. 6. — Another portion of dehisced pupa, X 10, showing appen- 

 dages. 1. Face piece. 2. Labrum. 3. A rent due to flattening pre- 

 paration. 4. Antenna. 5. Eye-cover restored to natural position ; it 

 is at once torn from here if in handhng the dorsal and ventral portions 

 of pupa are separated, as happens also to 6. Ventral portion of pro- 

 thorax, really probably outer end of dorsal plate. 7. Angle where 

 labial palpi would form floor of space. 8. Maxilla. 9. Femur of 

 first leg. 10. First leg. 11. Second leg. 12. Wing ; third tarsi are 

 seen beyond second leg. The main sketch is female ; the subsidiary 

 addition is of same parts in male pupa, showing relative greater length 

 of second legs and of autennfe. The line on third tarsi shows where 

 their opposed faces have been separated (on dehiscence), and not 

 another member of appendages. 



Fig, 7. — Ventral aspect of last four segments of male pupa, x 10. 



Fig. 8. — ,, ,, ,, female pupa, x 10. 



Fig. 9. — Portion of same, further enlarged (x 20), to show grid- 

 like arrangement on ninth segment. 



NOTES ON THE WAVE MOTHS (GENUS ACIDALIA, 



AUCT.). 



By Louis B. Prout, F.E.S. 



(Concluded from p. 11.) 



But although an " Acidalia" cannot hybernate otherwise 

 than as a larva, it does not by any means follow that it needs to 

 hybernate at all. Some of the species, I believe, do need, and 

 therefore only give a single life-cycle in the year. But others 

 can go through their metamorphoses quite rapidly in the warmer 

 months, being only checked by the approach of winter, so that 

 there are two, or even three or more, generations of the imago 

 in a single summer, the larvfe which produce the later broods 

 necessarily dispensing with any hybernation. Cases of such 

 double-broodedness occur, in the South of England, with Ptycho- 

 pocla dimidiata, P. siibsericeata, Leptomeris marginepunctata, and 

 I think others, in all excepting the most backward seasons; 

 whilst the abundant little P. virgularia has probably at least three 

 generations in the year. Yet a third (and not inconsiderable) 

 class, not at present known to throw a second brood in a state of 

 nature, can readily be induced to do so in artificial breeding. 

 Such are P. inornata, P. rusticata, P. trigeminata, &c. ; and at 

 least one of the partially double-brooded ones, P. subsericeata, 

 can yield a third brood in captivity. Concerning P. trigeminata, 

 let me relate my own experience, as it " points a moral," not to 

 lepidopterists only, but to all scientific workers. I have three 



