DISTRIBUTION OF PAPILIONIDiE IN THE HIMALAYAS. 195 



date and put into a box without food ate a great part of the male, 

 but whether the latter had died first I cannot say. 



Mr. M. Burr tells me that he took the far from common 

 species, Xiphidium dorsale, in a swamp near Eastry, Kent, on 

 July 26th. A female Locusta viridissima was taken on the cliff- 

 side near Swanage on August 17th. Mr. H. Campion tried very 

 hard to find the scarce Platycleis roesellii at Heme Bay, but wae 

 not successful. 



AcRiDiANs (short-horned grasshoppers). — On September 13th 

 I paid a visit to Bookham Common in search of Gomphocerus 

 rufus, this being the only locality for it with which I am per- 

 sonally acquainted. A few of both sexes were obtained in one 

 spot, but not without a considerable amount of search. 



G. maculatiis, one of the earliest grasshoppers to become 

 mature, I captured first at the Devil's Punch Bowl, Hindhead, 

 Surrey, on June 24th. Mr. Tomlin took it at Tubney, Berks, 

 on July 6th. 



Stenobothrus bicolor was obtained at Sharnbrook, Bedford- 

 shire, on July 11th ; on a cliff-side near Swanage on August 

 17th ; on Shotover Hill, near Oxford, on September 9th ; in 

 Middlesex, near the Thames side opposite Surbiton, on September 

 14th ; and latest on Esher Common, Surrey, on October 11th. 

 Mr. Tomlin took it in August at West Malvern, in Herefordshire. 



S. parallelus occurred on a cliff-side near Swanage on August 

 17th ; Mr. Tomlin took it at West Malvern in August. It was 

 found on Shotover Hill on September 9th, and a single female 

 was met with as late as October 31st in the New Forest. 



A mature male Mecostethus grossus was taken in the New 

 Forest on August 1st, but I do not think I noticed a female till 

 August 21st. 



One specimen of the scarce Tettix subulatus was secured on 

 August 12th by the side of a pond near Holmsley, in the New 

 Forest. The common species, T. bipunctatus, Mr. Tomlin took 

 at West Malvern in August, and I took one in the New Forest 

 on November Ist, this being my last grasshopper captured during 

 the season of 1908. 



ON THE PERPENDICULAR DISTRIBUTION OF THE 

 PAPILIONID^ IN THE HIMALAYAS. 



By W. Harcourt-Bath. 



When in the spring of 1897 I availed myself of the oppor- 

 tunity of visiting the South-eastern Himalayas in pursuit af 

 insects of various orders, I found the Papilionidae so much in 

 evidence, both as regards the number of species and individuals, 

 that I decided to specialise upon this magnificent family of Lepi" 

 doptera, and the study o£ their vertical or perpendicular distri- 



r2 



