182 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



all uniserrate, though not very clearly defined in the single specimen 

 examined. 



Length 6 mm. 



Habitat. — Tasmania. 



Observations. — Described from two females and one male. 



It appears to be related to Culicada nemorosa (Meigen), though 

 it is a decidedly larger species. 



(To be continued.) 



NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. ) ^ \\V, 



The Emergence of a Boenean Cicada {Hnechys sanguinea, de 

 Geer). — Having just watched a Cicada emerge from its pupa — or 

 nymph — case for the first time, I took some notes of this curious 

 performance which, perhaps, may be of interest to your readers. 



The skin and half-emerged imago were brought to me about 11.45 

 a.m., having been found hanging on the stump of an old tree. Almost 

 immediately the imago crav/led out, free of the skin, and I spent an 

 interesting three-quarters of an hour watching its development. The 

 skin of the pupa case is split on the upper side only — longitudinally 

 from anterior margin of the head to the cruciform elevation. The 

 head and body were bright yellow, with two curious little dehcate light 

 blue wool-like excrescences on either side ; these slowly began to swell 

 — the tegmina first ; during this process the basal margin (or "collar," 

 one might call it) of the pronotum was raised ; I suppose this was 

 to allow a fluid to run from thorax througli the veins to extend the 

 tegmina and wings, as I could see some swollen nervules below this 

 upraised " collar." Similarly the region of the cruciform elevation, 

 and on either side of it, seemed to be connected with the extension 

 of the wings, as that part was also swollen, the general colour being 

 a very light-blue, like that of the basal region of pronotum. By 12 

 o'clock the tegmina had almost reached the end of abdomen, and in 

 another seven or eight minutes the fully emerged imago was hanging 

 by its fore legs only from the under side of a leaning twig which I 

 had put in the glass cylinder for its use. It thus remained hanging 

 by the fore legs only, both the tarsi and the coxae of which I noticed 

 were touching the twig. The tegmina were a beautiful blue-white 

 colour ; but at 4 p.m. I noticed the veins showed up dark grey, and 

 by next morning this suffusion was further developed : although not 

 yet complete, as the basal region was still streaked in appearance, 

 owing to the grey suffusion not having overspread the internervular 

 spaces. The head, thoracic and abdominal colouring had already 

 deepened, thus losing its original bright yellow hue. 



The nymph case has rather coarse and thick antennae sheaths, 

 prominent excrescences for the eyes and ocelli ; the pronotal folds are 

 distinct, the base of pronotum is coloured deep black, as are the 

 posterior margins of mesonotum and of each abdominal segment on 

 the upper side ; the genei'al colour being of Hght sand relieved by 

 these transverse black stripes. The fore legs are typically fossorial, 

 with stout femora each armed with a spine. 



