REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I907 29 



caterpillar is most easily recognized by the apposed halves of in- 

 fested leaves, their edges being held together by strands of silk. 



Early history. The dark brown, white marked moth was first 

 described by Clemens in i860, and the first record of injury is 

 given by the late Prof. Charles V. Riley, who in March 1877, re- 

 ceived specimens from Mr O. C. Chapin of East Bloom.field, 

 Ontario co., N. Y. with the statement that in 1876 the trees were 

 seriously injured, one fourth of the leaves being infested. The same 

 year Professor J. H. Comstock of Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. 

 noted that the species was common in some orchards of New 

 York State. It also appears to have been numerous in Wisconsin 

 in 1878, since Dr P. H. Hoy writes of it as a serious orchard 

 pest. Dr J. A. Lintner, in his report for 1891, records a case where 

 about one half of the leaves of an orchard at Palmyra, Wayne 

 CO. were infested by this species, though he considers the insect 

 of comparatively slight economic importance. This leaf folder 

 has also been recorded as abundant in Ontario (Canada) orchards 

 in 1895 and again in 1903. 



Description. The parent moth has a wing spread of about 

 ^ of an inch, is dark brown and the forewings are marked by con- 

 spicuous white areas near the anterior margin and on the posterior 

 margin near the extremity with a rather broad, oblique, whitish 

 stripe. The original description by Clemens follows : 



Forewings white with a dark brown dorsal patch extending from 

 the base to the middle of the wing, with its costal edge irregular 

 or doubly curved. The oblique central fascia is almost obsolete 

 except on the middle of the costa where it appears as a dark 

 grayish brown spot, and in the middle of the wing beneath it is 

 a grayish brown round spot exterior to which is a short black 

 dash. The wing above the inner angle is varied with grayish brown 

 and brownish. The costa exterior of the middle is alternately 

 streaked with white and brownish, becoming reddish brown toward 

 the tip. Extreme apex reddish brown. 



Pupa. The yellowish brown pupa of this species has been 

 described by Professor Riley practically as follows : Length ^ of 

 an inch. The wing sheaths extend to the fourth abdominal seg- 

 ment, the antennal sheaths not quite so far. The anterior and 

 posterior borders of each abdominal segment are armed dorsally 

 with a transverse row of minute decurved spines, anal segment 

 quite sharp. 



Larva. Length about >2 inch. Head a yellowish orange, 

 thoracic shield yellowish, the body a variable fuscous yellowish 



