146 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



crown ; the micropyle is sunken, which is surrounded by about 

 six or seven (varying in different specimens) crescentic cells ; 

 these are followed by about the same number of much larger 

 cells, and round the sides the cells become very much less, alto- 

 gether disappearing before reaching the base, which is somewhat 

 irregularly fluted. The walls of the cells are well developed, 

 standing in high relief, and form a fairly regular flower-like 

 pattern, the cells being deep excepting those below the bulging 

 side of the egg. The whole of the upper surface is finely 

 granular, resembling rough, white, oxidized silver with shadows 

 of greyish green ; the basal fourth is shining transparent green ; 

 the base is deeply embedded in gluten, adhering it firmly to the 

 leaf. Before hatching they turn to an opaque creamy white 

 colour. They started hatching on June 21st, remaining in the 

 egg state sixteen days. The young larva emerges by eating a 

 circular hole in the crown, but does not feed on the shell after 

 it is free, merely eating away a hole to allow its escape. 



Directly after emergence the larva measures only £% i n - long, 

 the rather large head is olive-yellow with pale amber-brown 

 mouth parts, a brown \ on the face, and black eye-spots ; the 

 first segment is compressed and projecting in front, overlapping 

 the head, the remaining segments humped dor sally, sides sloping 

 and concaved, and a swollen, dilated, lateral ridge. Along the 

 dorsal surface are two rows of very long, white, finely serrated 

 hairs, two pairs on each segment closely placed, all curving 

 backwards, and on each segment along the lateral ridge are 

 three more similar hairs projecting laterally, and slightly curving 

 downwards ; these form a projecting fringe all round the larva ; 

 on the ventral surface are short, whitish, simple hairs ; on the 

 front of each segment is a subdorsal, minute, brownish hair with 

 a dark base, and three other still smaller white ones on the side, 

 they are all extremely minute ; above the black spiracle is a 

 black spiracular-like disc. The entire surface is a light citrine - 

 yellow, and covered with granulations. 



Directly after quitting the egg it crawls to the under surface 

 of the leaf and eats into the cuticle and lies in the furrow eaten 

 out, with the lateral fringe of hairs lying flat on the surface 

 overlapping the edges of the furrow. After making a little 

 channel, often not more than its own length, just to lie in, it 

 moves to another spot and eats out another groove, and so on 

 to another, so that after feeding for a few days, several little 

 transparent channels of various lengths are cut in the leaf, but 

 not perforated, as they leave a thin membrane on the upper 

 side. If a portion of the leaf is curled over so as to leave the under 

 surface uppermost, they then feed on the upper cuticle; there- 

 fore they are indifferent on which surface they feed, so long as 

 they are underneath. They crawl rapidly, and appear to be con- 

 tinually feeding. (To be continued) 



