EXPLANATION OF PLATE 56. 95 



scales of the bark remain adhering to the Sandstone. 

 Scale one-fourth. (Original.) 



Fig. 7. Portion of the Trunk of Favularia, one-fourth nat. 

 size. This plant is distinguished by the tessellated 

 appearance of the scales, which cover the space be- 

 tween each fluting of the Bark. In the centre of the 

 area of each scale is a club-shaped scar, which gave 

 origin to a leaf; it was a dicotyledonous plant, pro- 

 bably allied to Sigillaria ; and its stem must have 

 been covered with a mass of densely imbricated fo- 

 liage. In the Genus Sigillaria the leaves were more 

 distant from one another. The Rows of scars are 

 separated by a groove, Fig. 7. b. ; their disposition 

 in the vertical direction is indicated by the line a. 

 (Lindley, Foss. Fl. PI. 73.) 



Fig. 8. Reduced from Lindley and Hutton's figure (PI. 

 31) of the central portion of a Stigmaria ficoides, 

 from Shale in the roof of the Jarrow colliery near 

 Newcastle. We have here a view of the inferior 

 surface of this curious plant. Its dome-shaped 

 hollow central trunk, or stem, was three feet in 

 diameter, and fitted to sustain horizontally in a 

 floating position the numerous long branches by 

 which it was surrounded ; these divide into two, at 

 a certain distance from the Trunk. When perfect, 

 and floating in water, its appearance must have 

 resembled the form of an Asterias. On the two 

 longest branches, a. b. is seen the longitudinal de- 

 pression, which is usually adjacent to the small 

 internal woody axis of these branches, and from its 

 position in this fossil, we learn that the place of 

 this depression was on the inferior surface of each 

 branch. Scale one-twenty-fourth. (See V. I. p. 

 358.) 



