104 EXPLA1VATION OF PLATE 66. 



the Coal fields of the northern and central parts of 

 England shall be exhausted.* 

 Figx 3. Section of inclined Carboniferous strata, over- 

 laid unconformably by horizontal strata of New Red 

 Sandstone, Lias, and Oolite, in Somersetshire. 



This Section illustrates the manner in which Car- 

 boniferous strata have been elevated at their extre- 

 mities around the circumference of a basin, and de- 

 pressed towards its centre, and also intersected by 

 fractures or Faults. See V. I. pp. 394, 405. 



In Section I, 2, of this Plate, no notice is taken of 

 the Faults which intersect the Coal basins. 



Plate 66. V. I. p. 394, Note. 



Fig. 1. Section of the strata composing the Silurian 

 System, and the lower part of the Carboniferous 

 System, on the frontiers of England and Wales. 

 (Murchison.) 



Fig. 2. Appearance of Faults intersecting the Coal for- 

 mation near Newcastle-on-Tyne, copied from a 

 portion of one of Mr. Buddie's important sections 

 of the Newcastle Coal field, in the Transactions of 

 the Nat. Hist. Society of Northumberland, V. I. 

 Pt. 3, PI. XXI. XXII. XXIII.f The advantages 



* The lower and richest beds of this Coal district are not only 

 raised to the surface, and rendered easily accessible around the ex- 

 ternal margin of the basin, but are also brought within reach in con- 

 sequence of another important elevation, along an anticlinal line, run- 

 ning nearly E. and W. through a considerable portion of the interior of 

 the basin, in the direction of its longer diameter. 



f I feel it a public duty to make known an act of Mr. Buddie, 

 which will entitle him to the gratitude of posterity, and has set an 

 example, which, if generally followed in all extensive collieries, will 

 save the lives of thousands of unfortunate miners, that must other- 

 wise perish for want of information which can, at this time, be easily 

 recorded for their preservation. This eminent Engineer and Coal 



