CHAPTER I 



CO-OPERATION INSTINCTIVE 



The moral conduct of intelligent humanity refers to life 

 in a dual aspect — to two phases of life so distinct that in 

 some cases they seem to make opposite demands. 



The individual life — the personal self — demands its own 

 preservation and gratification, while something outside of 

 it, something belonging to remote time and to wider hori- 

 zons, requires service even to the sacrifice of the individual 

 desires — and this greater demand is the natural impulse 

 which, when it is conscious, we call morality; its voice is 

 conscience and its purpose is immortality. It is in fact the 

 race life, the life of offspring and kin and posterity, of which 

 the individual is only a small part, acting for the larger en- 

 tity as a soldier acts for the army to which he belongs, risk- 

 ing his individual existence in enterprises by which, when 

 successful, the larger unit will benefit, and so benefit all its 

 surviving members and affiliations. 



The previous studies of the conduct of humanity, and of 

 the lower life which leads up to the human, resulted in the 

 clear perception of a general scheme or system in nature 

 by which all activity produces consequences in due proportion 

 and with a promise of justice. It was seen that man's po- 

 sition in the scheme is not a separate or fundamental re- 



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