Pig. 59. Transverse Section through the Neck at the level of the 



Fifth Cervical Vertebra. 



Frozen Section. 



This figure shews that all the important structures, Large Vessels, Nerves, 

 Thyreoid Gland, Food and Respiratory passages are in close apposition in the 

 anterior part of the neck whereas the largest spaces, external and posterior to the 

 vertebral column, are almost completely occupied by powerful muscles. 



In front lies the Larynx with the Subcutaneous Pomum Adami. Its 

 position can, therefore, easily be made out. This section passes exactly through 

 the Vocal Cords; between these the Glottis is continued backwards to a 

 certain extent between the vocal processes of the Arytenoid Cartilages. These 

 cartilages are joined b\' the Aryteno-Arytenoideus Muscle; immediately behind 

 and below this muscle lies the lowest portion of the Pharynx which presents here 

 the Recessus Pyriformis on either side. These recesses extend forward for some 

 distance under cover of the thyreoid cartilage. In a cross-section, the Pharjmx, 

 and its continuation, the Oesophagus, which is usually taken as commencing at 

 the 5th Cervical Vertebra, appear as a transverse slit, when empty. 



In front of the Vertebral Column and the Longus Colli Muscle which 

 lies upon it, is the strong" Prevertebral Fascia. This fascia is separated from the 

 muscles of the Pharynx and Oesophagus by loose connective tissue in the meshes 

 of which Retropharyngeal Abscesses readily spread downwards. 



External to the lar\'nx is shewn the apex of the lateral lobe of the 

 Thyreoid Gland with the large Superior Thyreoid Artery which has just entered 

 the substance of the gland. The Thyreoid Gland lies on the Common Carotid 

 Artery, which at the point of section is covered completely b}' the Sterno-Cleido- 

 Mastoid Muscle (cf. Fig. 60, text). External to the Carotid Artery, and some- 

 what posterior lies the Internal Jugular Vein (the right vein is usually larger 

 than the left, cf. Fig. 15, text. Explanation of Lateral Sinus). Between the Artery 

 and Vein and somewhat posterior runs the Vagus Nerve. The Cervical Sym- 

 pathetic Trunk is in apposition with the posterior part of the inner wall of the 

 Common Carotid Artery. 



The foramen in the transverse process has been cut in such a way that 

 it does not appear as a closed ring. In it run the Vertebral Artery and its Venae 

 Comites. The 3rd Cervical Nerve which has just left its intervertebral Foramen 

 appears very thick, owing to the obliquity of its section. 



Between the posterior border of the Sterno-Cleido-Mastoid and the Anterior 

 border of the Trapezius, lie the superficial cervical lymphatic glands. 



