Figgs. 73 and 74. Relation of the Capsule of the Shoulder-Joint to the 

 Upper Epiphyseal Line. After von Brunn. 



Fig. 73. Frontal Section through the right Shoulder-Joint of a 

 boy aged 8 years. Arm abducted to a right angle. 



Ai'm placed horizontally. Seen from in front. 



Above, on tlie outer side, tiie Capsule of tiie Shoulder-Joint does not 

 extend as far as the Epiphyseal Line, but on the lower aspect the Capsule passes 

 beyond the Epiphyseal Line on to the inner side of the neck of the Humerus. 

 At the point marked *, the thin dark line shews how the Capsule is reflected 

 .so that Separation of the Epiphysis does not necessarily open the Joint-Cavity. 



Fig. 74. Horizontal Section through the left Shoulder'- Joint of 

 a boy aged 8 years. Arm abducted to a right angle. 



Arm placed horizontally. Seen from above. The section passed directly below 

 the Spine of the Scapula and touched the lower border of the Acromion 



Process. 



The relation of the Capsule to the Epiphyseal Line is the same on the 

 anterior and posterior aspects, as it is below (cf. Fig. 13). It is true that the 

 Joint-Cavity extends beyond this boundary (only because the Capsule, arising 

 from the Articular Cartilage, is attached for some distance to the Cartilage or 

 to the Bone). 



The Epiphyseal Lines, Epiphyseal Boundaries or Epiphyseal Cartilaginous 

 Discs are of great importance for many reasons. The longitudinal growth of the 

 long bones takes place chiefly, if not exclusively, at these lines, i. e. at the 

 Residual Cartilage between the Diaphysis (shaft) and the Epiphysis. This growing 

 process is especially marked at puberty, but on the other hand, it is especially 

 liable to be interfered with during the same period, by inflammation, which may 

 result in the Separation of Diaphysis and Epiphysis. 



Traumatic Separation of the Epiphysis is not so frequent as Inflammatory 

 Separation. Fractures usually occur near, but not (in) along the Epiphj'seal Lines. 

 Excision of joints in children should only be performed with due consideration 

 of the Epiphyseal Lines. 



