Fig. 139. Transverse Section through the Trunk at the level of the 

 nth Dorsal Vertebra, from below. 



Frozen section of tJie same body as in Figs. 121 and 122. In front the 6th 



Cliondro-Sternal Articulation is ciit tbrovgli, also the yth, 6th, jtJi, Stli, gt/i, 



10th and Jitli ribs; tlie vertebral column is slightly deviated to the right. 



In this section the lowest portions of the Thoracic Viscera, Heart and 

 Lungs (in the condition of inspiration as in Fig. 122) and the Abdominal Viscera, 

 Liver, Stomach and Spleen are shewn in transverse section ; between these two 

 groups of viscera lies the diaphragm. The Liver occupies the greatest space, the 

 remaining space is chiefh' occupied by the Stomach, a small area is left by the 

 Liver for the Apex of the Heart, and by the Stomach for the Spleen. 



The Lungs in their position during inspiration are seen at the periphery. 



The entrance of the Oesophagus into the Stomach and the numerous broad 

 plications of the Gastric Mucous Membrane are well shewn. 



Behind the Oesophagus Hes the Aorta ; at a higher level the Oesophagus 

 occupies the more posterior position while in close relation behind it and in con- 

 tact with the Vertebral Column are found the large and small Azygos Veins, the 

 Thoracic Duct and the Sympathetic System. 



Fig. 140. Transverse Section through the Trunk at the level of the 

 1st Lumbar Vertebra. Seen from above. 



Frozen section as in Fig. ifg passing through the disc between the 12th Dorsal 



and 1st Lumbar Vertebra. 



The Liver occupies almost as much space as in Fig. 139, now taking up 

 the space previously occupied by the heart whereas, behind, room is made for the 

 right kidney. To the left is the Stomach. Between this Viscus and the Spleen, 

 the Splenic Flexure has introduced itself extending upwards beyond the plane of 

 the section so that only sections of the Transverse and Descending Colon are seen. 



Between the Colon and Stomach a lumen of small intestine is \'isible and 

 between the Colon and Abdominal Wall the Great Omentum. 



The Pancreas has been cut almost throughout its whole length as it 

 extends horizontally across from Liver to Spleen. The Oblique position of the 

 kidneys is also seen; on either side a "Pleural Space" is found between their 

 upper half and the posterior abdominal wall. 



The space between the Pancreas and the posterior abdominal wall is 

 occupied by the Left Kidney which has been cut through at its greatest diameter 

 whereas the Right, situated at a lower level, was divided nearer its upper pole. 



The peculiar shape of the transverse section of the Aorta is due to 

 the origin of the Superior Mesenteric Artery. 



