206 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



has been confirmed by Dr. E. A. Cockayne, who kindly examined the 

 specimen for me. — A. W. Pickaed-Cambridge ; Balliol College, 

 Oxford. 



Early Appearance of Euchloe cardamines. — The first " Orange 

 Tip " I saw this season was on April 22nd. The specimen was a 

 male, and it was flying along a hedgerow within a mile of Chester. 

 The species is miusually common in the district this year. — J. Arkle ; 

 Chester. 



With reference to the early appearance of Euchloe cardamines 

 this year, it may be of interest to note that I first saw it on April 

 18th. Last year it appeared on April 23rd, in 1912 on April 19th, 

 and in 1906 on April 9 ; but the latter was at Chudleigh, S. Devon. 

 I saw a male Colias echisa at Groombridge on May 16th. — E. D. 

 Morgan ; 24, Queen's Eoad, Tunbridge Wells, Kent, May 6th, 1914. 



I noted E. cardamines at Tonbridge on April 12th last. — P. A. 

 Buxton ; Trinity College, Cambridge. 



Butterflies of Venice and Neighbourhood. — Being at Venice 

 in the middle of April this year, and my interest in the butterflies of 

 the neighbouring Lido having been aroused by Mr. Gurney's article 

 (Entom. xlvi. p. 232), I took my net to this island, anxious to see what 

 this early tim.e of year might afford in the way of butterflies. On 

 April 20th, the Pierids rajjcs, napi and brassicce were common ; also 

 an exceedingly richly coloured form of Pararge megcera and 

 Ccenoiiympha pampliilns. Erynnis alcece was not rare, beautifully 

 fresh, and evidently just emerging. I saw one specimen of Vanessa io, 

 exceedingly large and brilliant. The next day the weather began 

 to get really hot, and " whites " were frequently seen flying over the 

 canals of Venice herself. On the 22nd I again went to the Lido. 

 The extra warmth since my last visit had brought out five more 

 species, besides trebling the quantity of butterflies previously noted. 

 Polygonia c-alhum, Eioinephele jurtina, Cyaniris argiolus and 

 Nisoniades tages had emerged ; I had feared that I was too early for 

 Colias edusa, but I at last came across a fine fresh female, which I 

 took after an exciting chase. The moth Ematurga atomaria was 

 taken also. A few locusts were flying about, causing a peculiar 

 metallic-like sound. One settled on a branch within a few yards of 

 my head, so that I got a good look at it. I think it was Acridium 

 peregrinum. It is interesting to note that nine out of the twelve 

 species of butterflies which I came across on the Lido in April were 

 met with by Mr. Gurney in September. This suggests that there 

 must be at least three broods of most of these species. All along the 

 railway line through Venetia and Lombardy, on my way from Venice 

 to the Italian Lakes, I kept a sharp look-out for insects. Amongst 

 numerous Pierids, Nymphalids and " blues," the most conspicuous 

 (beyond the usual " whites ") were Euchloe cardamines, Leucophasia 

 sinapis and V. io, with C. edusa quite common, and C. hyale almost 

 everywhere. In the clover fields bordering the line some distance 

 past Verona, there appeared to be an orange-coloured Colias, like 

 C. myrviidone ; but of this I could net be absolutely certain. Is this 



