THE ENTOMOLOGIST 



Vol. XLVL] MAY, 1913. [No. 600 



THE LIFE-HISTORY OF CCENONYMPHA TIPHON. 

 By F. W. Frohawk, M.B.O.U., F.E.S. 



On July 21st, 1903, the late Mr. F. G. Cannon watched a 

 female C. tiphon deposit a single egg on a dead stalk of beaked 

 rush (Rhynchospora alba), which he kindly sent me ; this hatched 

 on August 5th, remaining fifteen days in the egg-state. He also 

 sent me at the same time some live females from Witherslack ; 

 these deposited about six dozen eggs during the following week, 

 mostly on the plant of beaked rush sent with them, which I 

 potted up and placed them upon. Most of the eggs hatched 

 during the second week of August. 



I am also indebted to Mr. A. S. Tetley for several females 

 which he captured for me on Whitby Moors, Yorkshire, on July 

 17th and 25th, 1909. These laid several eggs during the follow- 

 ing weeks after their arrival, on the 19th and 28th respectively. 

 One female deposited nine eggs in the chip-box during the 

 journey. These laid during the end of the third week of July 

 and hatched during the first week of August. 



On June 15th, 1911, Mr. Frank Littlewood kindly sent me 

 eight females, and four more on the 17th, which he captured near 

 Kendal. These were accompanied with a note, saying : " The 

 species must have been on the wing by June 1st, as everything 

 is so forward with the hot weather." 



These females I placed on growing plants of beaked rush, 

 sent by Mr. Littlewood for the purpose. Altogether about two 

 hundred eggs were laid during the latter part of June ; these 

 started hatching early in July, and by the end of the third week 

 some of the larvae had moulted once, owing to the continuous 

 fine hot weather of that month ; on the 21st and 22nd the shade 

 temperature was as high as 92° and 93°. 



On June 29th and 30th, 1912, I captured several females at 

 Witherslack ; those reserved for eggs laid freely during the first 

 half of July. 



The egg is large for the size of the butterfly, being ^ in. 

 high, of an elliptic-spheroid form, with a swollen micropyle, 

 which is very finely reticulated. The reticulations covering the 



ENTOM.— MAY, 1913. M 



