LEPIDOPTERA OF JEMTLAND ANf) LAPLAND. ; ' ^ 25 



species, and an additional one at Narvik on my return- liome, , 

 which journey took me ten days, via the west coast, the beautiful' 

 Bergen and Christiania Railway, and the steamer from the latter 

 place to Hull. 



Of the species found by Mr. Eowland-Brown at Abisko I 

 met with all except Chrysophanus hippotho'e var. steiberi. I am 

 informed from German sources that Melitcea iduna has been 

 taken along the shores of the Torne Triiske on the way to 

 Bjorkleiden. I searched carefully and often for this species, but 

 did not find it ; and that Brenthis polaris and B. frigga are 

 found on Nuolja, the mountain immediately at the back of the 

 hotel. I saw in the National Collection at Stockholm an ex- 

 ample of B. frigga var. improha, which was taken at Bjorkleiden, 

 near the waterfall. I learn from Herr Max Bartel that Colias 

 liecla var. siditelma is found not infrequently on the north side of 

 the lake above the tree line, in July. The best localities for col- 

 lecting which I could find outside the park were: (1) the road 

 leading through the forest from Abiskojokk to Bjorkleiden, and 

 in the mountains round the latter place ; (2) by taking the path 

 alongside the Abiskojokk (right bank) for a mile or so until a 

 marble quarry is reached, one comes to a series of swamps 

 stretching eastward ; some of these are certainly in the Park, 

 some are just as certainly not, and some are doubtfully so ; 

 (3) probably the best ground of all is reached by walking along 

 the railway, eastwards, past Abisko Station, and then following 

 up the first brook one comes to, about a kilometre past the 

 station. Along its course are some fine swamps, containing 

 Brenthis pales var. lapponica, B. aphirape var. ossianvs, and B. 

 freija; higher up, towards the valley called the Lapp Porten, 

 Hesperia centaurece was commoner than I found it elsewhere in 

 Lapland ; on the sides of the Lapp Porten itself, iEneis noma 

 and 0. bore were not infrequent. 



The birches, at the date of my arrival at Abisko, were quite 

 brown ; some trees had the leaves half developed, but in many 

 instances the buds had not burst from the winter sheath. It 

 was exceedingly interesting to watch them develop under the 

 influence of the perpetual light, within one week all the trees 

 were quite covered with full grown leaves. On dull days I spent 

 my time chiefly in observing the birds of the district, which 

 were very interesting to a Britisher. I suppose there must 

 have been several hundreds of pairs of fieldfares breeding on the 

 shores of the lake between Abiskojokk and Bjorkleiden, and of 

 other British winter birds, redwings, bramblings, and mealy 

 redpolls were very abundant on the same ground ; quite half 

 a dozen pairs of rough-legged buzzards had their eyries within a 

 mile of the hotel. Of the Scandinavian mosquito one could say 

 a good deal : they were everywhere, both in Jemtland and Lap- 

 land, and certainly most abundant in the former province; 



