220 Mr. II. VV. Bates on the Papilionidne 



rules. Pupa secured by the tail and a girdle across 



the middle in an upright position. 

 Subfam. 1. Papilionince. 

 Subfam. 2. Pier'nm . 

 Family 3. Lyccenidaa. Six perfect legs in $ ; four in rf , the fore 



tarsi wanting the tarsal claws, but densely spined 



beneath. Wing-cells (except in Eumams*) not closed 



by perfect nervules. Pupa secured by the tail and a 



girdle across the middle. 

 Family 4. Erydnidae. Six perfect legs in $; four in 3 , the fore 



tarsi consisting only of one or two joints, and spineless. 

 Subfam. 1. Erycinince. Pupa recumbent, flattened beneath, 



secured by the tail and a girdle across the middle. 

 Subfam. 2. Stalachtince. Pupa not flattened beneath, secured 



rigidly by the tail in au inclined position, without 



girdle f. 

 Subfam. 3. LibytJieince. Pupa suspended freely by the tail. 

 Family 5. Nymphalidce. Forelegs imperfect in both sexes : in the $ 



wanting the tarsal claws ; in the <$ the fore tarsi aborted, 



consisting only of one or two joints. Pupa suspended 



freely by the tail. 

 a. Lower disco-cellular nervule, especially of the hind wing, more 

 or less atrophied. 

 Subfam. 1. Nymphalinos (Nymjohalidce, Ageronidce, Eurytelida . 



and Morphidce (part.) of authors). 

 b. Lower disco-cellular nervule perfect. 

 Subfam. 2. Brassolinaz. 

 Subfam. 3. Satyrince. 

 Subfam. 4. Danaince. 

 Subfam. 5. Helkonince%. 

 Subfam. 6. Acrceince. 



* This genus constituted a distinct family in the system of Boisduval (Spec. 

 Gen.) ; it was incorporated with the Lycsenidffi by Westwood in Doubled. & Hew. 

 Gen. Diurn. Lep. If the lower disco-cellular nervule prove to be aborted con- 

 stantly in the numerous aberrant genera of Lycsenidse of Eastern Asia, the genus 

 Eum&us might form a subfamily of Lycaonidae founded on the closure of the 

 wing-cells. 



t Thctransformations of Stalachtis have not yet been recorded. The statement 

 lure made is founded on unpublished observations of my own on St. Calliope. 



\ The constitution and affinities of the subfamilies Danainw, Hcliconin</\ and 

 Acraintf: will be discussed in a paper on those groups which I shall publish 

 shortly. 



