of the Amazon Valley. 229 



32. P. Columbus, Hewits. 

 P. Columbus, Hewits. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1851, p. 98. pi. 10. f. 1. 

 Peculiar to the Upper Amazons, where it is found imbibing moisture 

 at the edge of water in company with P. Dolicaon. 



33. P. Protesilaus, Linn. 

 P. Protesilaus, Linn. ; Cram. 202 a. b. 

 Found throughout the country, without modification ; extremely 

 abundant on the Upper Amazons. 



34. P. Autosilaus, Bdv. 

 P. Autosilaus, (Bdv.) Bates, Trans. Ent. Soc. n. s. v. p. 348. 



On the Upper Amazons in company with P. Protesilaus, but much 

 rarer. 



35. P. Zagreus, Dbld. 

 P. Zagreus, Dbld. & Hewits. Gen. D. L. pi. 1*. f. 1. 



I met with one example only, on the Upper Amazons, of this most 

 remarkable species. It has no near ally in its genus, and has the 

 appearance of a Heliconia, especially of Lycorea Atergatis, rather than 

 that of a Papilio. 



Subfamily Pierin^:. 



This group, which forms so conspicuous a feature in the faunas of 

 temperate latitudes and in the tropics of the Old "World, is poorly 

 represented in the forest plains of the Amazons. The genera and 

 species seem to be most numerous in grassy, open and mountainous 

 countries, or in districts where the forests are scanty ; they abound 

 in the varied mountainous regions of Columbia. Only four genera 

 are found in the Amazon valley: viz. Leptalis, Pieris, Callidryas, 

 and Terias ; and of these, Pieris is represented by very few species. 

 Leptalis, although numerous in species or subspecies, does not ex- 

 hibit so great a diversity of forms as it does in the Andean valleys of 

 Columbia ; the species in the Amazon region are also extremely rare ; 

 they inhabit the shades of the forest, and mimic the different species 

 of the dominant group HeliconinaB, in whose company they are 

 always found, thus suggesting the idea that it is only by means of 

 this close adaptive resemblance that they escape total extinction. 

 The other four genera found in Tropical America are, Euterpe, Na- 

 thalis, Colias, and Gonepteryx. Of Euterpe 34 species have been 

 described ; but although one has been found in Guiana, none inhabit 

 the Amazon region. Nathalis has one representative in Venezuela. 



