237 

 Natural Control of Scale Insects in Hawaii. 



BV DAVID T. FULLAWAV. 



Mealybugs and scales are amongst onr eoniniouest insects, 

 and together with their natural enemies have been the subject 

 of investigation since the beginning of entomological work 

 here. Indeed, the first practical work undertaken was a search 

 for natural enemies of these destructive insects by Albert Koe- 

 bele, the entomological explorer. Between 1891 and 1908 he 

 made repeated consignments of Coccinellid beetles, parasitic 

 Hymenoptera, etc., to Hawaii, some of which were able to 

 multiply and spread; others failing. A record of this work 

 was preserved in letters, reports, specimens, etc., but it is 

 meagre in detail and faulty through misidentifieation of either 

 enemy or host. The list of scale insect parasites and their 

 hosts published by the writer in 1912 perpetuates uuiuy of the 

 original errors and adds some new ones. Since that date, how- 

 ever, a thorough review of the subject has been made with 

 Mr. P. PI. Timlierlake, who has a wide knowledge of the para- 

 sites and their relationships, and these errors have been cor- 

 rected or eliminated as far as possiltle in the list which fol- 

 lows. There can scarcely be any doubt that many of the 

 hymenopterous parasites were introduced here unintentionally 

 with their hosts, before the days of horticultural inspection and 

 quarantine, for there are few records of introductions, and Mr. 

 Koebele states that he made little effort to secure them. On 

 the other hand, the Coccinellid beetles were practically all 

 introduced by ]Mr. Koebele or others, only four being known 

 here previous to his time. 



Scale Insect Parasites in 1912 Rpt. Haw. Exp. Sta. Errata. 

 p. 26 Apentelicus gen. nov.=M icroterys. Lepidosaphes 



sp., given as the host of (AprnteUrus) M. ko- 



tinskyi incorrect, 

 p. 27 Odoiiaspis r/irnninis. given as the host of Adelen- 



cyi'tus odonaspidis, should be Odonaspis ruthae. 



Proc. Haw. Entom. Soc. IV, No. 2, June, 1920. 



