60 IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



cross bedding that characterizes the whole formation. Some of 

 the larger boulders found at various levels throughout the beds 

 were probably not directly transported by currents, but by float- 

 ing masses of ice. While, therefore, the gravels lie between 

 two sheets of drift, and for that reason may be called intergla- 

 cial, probably Aftonian, they yet belong to the time of the 

 first ice melting, and are related to the Kansan stage of the 

 glacial series as the loess of northeastern Iowa is related to the 

 lowan stage. 



While the Illinois Central gravel pit is the typical exposure 

 of the Buchanan gravels, the same beds are found widely dis- 

 tributed throughout Buchanan, Linn, Jones, Delaware and prob- 

 ably other counties. One exposure that has been utilized for 

 the improvement of the county roads occurs on the hilltop a 

 mile east of Independence. Another, used for like purposes, is 

 found a mile and a half west of Winthrop. The county line 

 road northeast of Troy Mills cuts through the same deposit. 

 Throughout the region already indicated there are many beds 

 of similar gravels, but in general they are so situated as not to 

 show their relations to the two beds of drift. 



The Buchanan gravels, it should be remembered, represent 

 the coarse residue from a large body of till. The fine silt was 

 carried away by the currents and dej:.osits of it should be found 

 somewhere to the southward. It may possibly be represented, 

 in part at least, by the fine loess- like silt that forms a top 

 dressing to the plains of Kansan drift in southern Iowa and 

 regions farther south. 



RECENT DISCOVERIES OP GLACIAL SCORINGS IN 

 SOUTHEASTERN IOWA. 



BY FRANCIS M. FULTZ. 



The discoveries of localities showing glacial scoring in 

 southeastern Iowa have been somewhat numerous during the 

 last few years. In a paper presented before this body a year 

 ago^ I called attention in detail to the different known exposures 



iGlacial Markings in Southeastern Iowa. Proc. la. Acad. Sci., Vol. II, p. 313. Des 

 Moin es, 1895. 



