222 IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



Longer than broad, blackish, 



Cauloyhyllum. 

 Isodiametric, internal layer of exerior wall stratified, reddish, 



Dtphylleia. 

 2. Epidermal cells light colored, large. 



Podophyllum.. 



KEY BASED ON FRUIT CHARACTERS. 



A. Fruit a berry, 1, 2, 3. 



1. Scarlet, acid except B. Thunhergii 

 Short oval or globular. B canadensis. 

 Ellipsoidal, eight to ten lines long. B. amurensis. 

 Ellipsoidal, eight to ten lines long. B. vuglaris. 

 Globular, bluish scarlet. B. cerasina. 



Oval or elliptical, binght scarlet B Thimhergii. 



2. Blue, or bluish-black with glaucous bloom. 



a. Short. 



Ovate or elliptical, eight to ten lines long. 



B. aquifolium. 

 Eight to ten lines long. 



B. repeiis. 



b. Long. 



Fruit globular, few seeded. 



B. nervosa. 

 Fruit globular, in a corymbiform cyme. 



Biphylleia cymosa. 



3. Fruit a large, fleshy berry, borne singly. 



Podophyllum peltatum. 



B. Fruit a pod. 



Jeffersonia hinata. 



C. Pericarp deciduous. 



Caulophyllum thaUctroides. 



KEY BASED ON SEED CHARACTERS. 



A. Seeds arillate. 



1. Whole seed enveloped by a pulpy arillus. 



Podophyllum peltatum. 



2. Small lateral aril at base. 



Jeffersonia hinata. 



B. Seeds not arillata, 1, 2. 



1. Seeds globose, blue, berry-like. 

 Caulophyllum thaUctroides. 

 a. Hilum of same color as seed. 



(1) Seeds usually terete, large, obovate. 



B. Thunhergii. 

 Seeds usually terete or convex dorsally, 

 B. cerasina. 



