206 IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



Q 



In 1897 Baker, in Notes on the genus Phlkenus, recognized 

 the four species, separated the bibliography of lineatus and 

 bilineatus and tried to restrict the latter to the west, while he 

 described the eastern representatives as a distinct species 

 americanus; an examination of a type and other eastern 

 material shows no grounds, however, for the separation. 



During the prosecution of this work I have been placed 

 under special obligations to Mr. Otto Heideman for the loan 

 of a large series of both eastern and western forms, among 

 them the largest collection of esbsteri/ Clastoptera and of west- 

 ern *^p/irop//ora that I have seen; to Professor Bruner for the 

 loan of Nebraska, California, and Mexican material, and to 

 Professors Piper, Gillette, Lintner, Pernald, Morse, C. M. 

 Weed and H. E. Weed, for examination of material from their 

 respective localities; to Professor Uhler for helpful sugges- 

 tions, and especially to Professor Osborn, under whose super- 

 vision the work was originally planned, for the use of his own, 

 the Iowa Agricultural college and V. D. collections, all of 

 them extensive, and (later) the Ohio material; and to Pro- 

 fessor Summers for the continuation of the same favors. 



Besides the above, my own collection has furnished me with 

 large series from Iowa, the Pacific coast, the West Indies and 

 Mexico. 



^ FAMILY CERCOPID.E A. & S. 



Body stout, compact; general form oval or elongate: head in nearly 

 same plane as the body; vertex nearly flat, anterior margin rounding or 

 angulate: ocelli, two, placed near the posterior margin; front convex, more 

 er less inflated, transversely ribbed, nearly flat dorsally where it forms a 

 subquadrate insertion in the anterior field of the vertex, from which it is 

 separated by a distinct suture (this portion of the front is considered as 

 part of the vertex and referred to hereafter as the tylus); antenna? short, 

 placed in front of and between the eyes under the margin of the vertex, 

 the two basal joints bead-like, the remainder setaceous, pronotum large, 

 anterior margin straight or angularly rounded, posterior margin short, 

 often deeply emarginate; elytra longer than the abdomen, coriaceous, 

 irregularly reticulated or with two long discoid cells and five or more 

 apical cells; wings with a broad margin beyond the intramarginal vein; 

 posterior coxte and femora short and stout, posterior tibiie scarcely longer 

 than the others, round at the base, spatulate at the apex, armed on the 

 outer margin with two stout spurs, the second twice the length of the first; 

 tibia3 and two basal joints of the tarsi terminated with crescent-shaped 

 rows of spines. 



The members of this family are readily recognized by the 

 two spurs on the cylindrical hind tibiae. Some Fulgoridse 



