IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCKS. 231 



PI. 52; Fink, Sperm. Fl. Fayette la. 94; Fitzpatrick, Fl. 

 N. E. la. 121. Fl. of S. la. 152.— Man. Fl. PI. la. 95. 



CNICUS lOWENSIS, Pammel n. sp. 



Plants three to four feet high, bearing large heads with purple 

 flowers; stem striate, hirsute or nearly glabrous, roughened; leaves, 

 the upper lanceolate with prominent spinose teeth shallowly lobed or 

 occasionally deeply lobed, the lower lobes prominent, upper sur- 

 face rough with a few spreading hairs, lower surface floccose, 

 woolly; heads large, one and three fourths to two inches high: invo- 

 lucre somewhat arachnoid, outer scale ovate with a weak spread- 

 ing bristle, and a prominent glutinous dorsal ridge, the inner long, 

 linear lanceolate with an erose appendage; flowers purple, corolla 

 tube eleven lines long, lobes with clavate tips, anther tips acute, 

 filaments with shaggy hairs, bristles of pappus plumose, achenium 

 smooth, upper part yellow, striate, two and one-fourth lines long. 

 Type No. 65 (I. S. C. Distr.) Ledges Boone County. Iowa. Pam- 

 mel. Type specimens in Herbarium I. S. C. Gray Herbarium and 

 Missouri Botanical Garden. Kossuth Co., 606. Pammel. Ontario 

 (E. R. Hodson). 



DistrihuiioH, loiva. — Ledges, Boone Co., 65, Pammel and 

 Ball (not C. altissimus). Ames, 694, Pammel. Eagle 

 Grove, Pammel. Spirit Lake, Little Rock, C. R. Ball. 

 Ontario, E. R. Hodson. Kossuth Co., 606 1. S. C, Pammel. 

 Emmet Co., R. L Cratty. Rock Creek Twp., Jasper Co., H. 

 W. Norris. Decatur Co., T. J. & M. F. L. Fitzpatrick. 

 Atlantic, Wagner, S. U. 1. Iowa City, Lindner. Granite, 

 Lyons Co., B. Shimek. Council Bluffs, Dubai and 

 Cavanagli, S. U. 1. Coll. Logan Twp., Calhoun Co., G. B. 

 Rigg. Armstrong, Emmet Co., B. Shimek. 



Kansas. — Manhattan, (Coll. '?). 



South DaA'ofr^— Opposite Hawarden, Iowa, Pammel. 



REFERENCE TO OCCURRENCE IN IOWA. 



Hitchcock, Cat. Anth. & Pterid. Ames, 505; under C. altis- 

 simus. 



Cnicus lowensis variety Crattijii. Pammel n. v. 



The variety differs from the type in the fact that the leaves are 

 usually less deeply cut. The heads are smaller, and the stem, as 

 well as the leaves, more or less canescently tomentose. Mamed in 

 honor of R. I. Cratty, who has carefully studied the flora of Iowa 

 for many years. 



