904 



EOCENE AND OLIGOCENE TITANOTHERES OE MONGOLIA 



become a coarse conglomerate, and the influence of this 

 rising mountain is shown* by alluvial conglomeratic 

 fans. 



Fauna. — These massive Hung Kureh beds are 

 fossiliferous only at their base. Here and there a 

 bed does carry fossils, particularly in the lowermost 

 part of the formation, within 200 or 300 feet of its 



oid; a rodent [Castor]. This fauna indicates an 



uppermost PUocene or lowermost Pleistocene age. 



PLIOCENE?: PANG KIANG FORMATION 



Granger, Berkey, and Morris (October 7, 1924, p. 119) 



About 60 miles southeast of Irdin Manha are the 



Pang Kiang beds, about 500 feet thick, provisionally 



placed in the Pliocene. In some places at least these 



base, where deposits of yellow iron-stained sand and beds rest directly upon old crystalline rocks. Only 



Figure 766. — Map and section of the eastern Altai region, showing location 

 of the Tertiary formations 



Hung Kureh, of Pliocene or Pleistocene age; Loh, of lower Miocene age; Hsanda Gol, of middle and lower 

 Oligocene age; Gashato, of basal Eocene or Upper Cretaceous age After Berkey and Morris, Basin 

 structures in Mongolia, figs. 9 and 10, 1924. 



beds of white sand prevail. The fossil content of 

 the lower Hung Kureh as first identified in the field 

 and in the American Museum is as follows: A few 

 fragments of a Pliocene horse [Hipparion sp.]; a 

 few bones and fragments of shells of the eggs of a very 

 large bird, probably Struthiolithus ; a large cervid 

 [Cerims sp.?]; a proboscidean; a rhinoceros; a camel- 



one fossil has been found in the Pang Eaang, a fragment 

 of the jaw of a rodent which Matthew identifies as an 

 ochotonid of more recent age than Ohgocene. The 

 rodent family Ochotonidae first appears in the middle 

 Oligocene of Europe and much more recently in the 

 Pleistocene of North America as the pika, or mountain 

 hare. 



