REFERENCES FOR NERVOUS SYSTEM 1047 



The vesical plexus receives some branches from the pelvic parts of the hypogastric plexus, 

 but is largely reinforced by way of the pelvic splanchnics, from the third and fourth sacral 

 nerves. Each part passes along the corresponding vesical arteries to the bladder, and gives 

 off two sets of branches, namely, the superior vesical nerves (fig. 791), which supply the upper 

 part of the bladder-wall and send some branches to the ureter, and the inferior vesical nerves, 

 which supply the lower part of the bladder and, in the male, give secondary deferential plexuses 

 to the vas deferens. These plexuses surround the vasa deferentia and the vesiculte seminales 

 and anastomose with the spermatic plexuses. 



The prostatic plexus, found only in the male, is formed in two parts by nerves of con- 

 siderable size, and lies chiefly on the sides of the prostate gland between it and the levator ani 

 (fig. 791). Each of these parts supplies the gland and the prostatic part of the urethra, and 

 sends offsets to the neck of the bladder and the vesiculce seminales. This plexus is continued 

 forward on either side to form the cavernous plexus of the penis (fig. 791), which anastomo.ses 

 with branches of the dorsal nerve of the penis, gives off branches to the membranous part of 

 the urethra, and also gives origin to two sets of nerves, namely, the large and the small cavernous 

 nerves of the penis. 



The large cavernous nerve, one on each side, runs forward to the middle of the dorsurn of 

 the penis, where it anastomoses with the dorsal nerve of the penis on the corresponding side, 

 and ends in twigs which are distributed chiefly to the walls of the sinuses of the corpus caver- 

 nosum penis, but some of the terminal filaments supply the corpus cavernosum urethrse (corpus 

 spongiosum) (fig. 791). 



The small cavernous nerves are small filaments which pierce the uro-genital trigone (tri- 

 angular ligament) and the compressor urethrse, and enter the posterior part of the corpus 

 cavernosum. 



The utero-vaginal plexus, found in the female, is formed in its upper part on each side 

 largely by fibres derived from the pelvic part of the hypogastric plexus, but it receives some 

 fibres from the pelvic splanchnics of the third and fourth .sacral nerves. The nerves from this 

 part of the plexus accompany the uterine arteries as they pass between the layers of the broad 

 ligament. Some accompany each uterine artery and its branches to their termination, but a 

 considerable number of fibres leave the artery and pass into the body of the uterus to supply 

 its lower part and cervix. Between the layers of the broad ligament this plexus anastomoses 

 with the ovarian plexus and sends some filaments to the uterine tube (Fallopian tube). The 

 lower part of the plexus ulero-vaginalis receives some fibres on each side from the pelvic part of 

 the hypogastric plexus, but it is formed chiefly by efferent visceral fibres from the second, third, 

 and foui'th sacral nerves. These fibres terminate in contact with intrinsic cell-bodies who.se 

 axones supply the wall and mucous membrane of the vagina and urethra. From the plexus on 

 the anterior surface of the vagina fibres pass to form the cavernous plexus of the clitoris, which 

 gives off the great and lesser cavernous nerves of the clitoris for the supply of the clitoris. The 

 utero-vaginal plexus of the female corresponds to the prostatic plexus of the male. 



References for the Nervous System. A. General. Barker, Nervous 

 System, 1899; Edinger, Vorlesungen, 1908; Johnston, Nervous System, 1906; 

 (phylogeny) Parker, Anat. Rec., vol. 4; (development) Streeter, in Keibel and 

 Mall's Human Embryology. B. Brain and Spinal Cord. Bechterew, Funktio- 

 nen der Nervencentra, 3 vols., 1908; {cell-structure) Malone, Anat. Rec., vol. 7; 

 (axone-sheaths) Hardesty, Amer. Jour. Anat., vol. 4; {cortical localization) 

 Donaldson, Jour. Nerv. and Mental Dis., vol. 13; Smith, Jour. Anat. and 

 Physiol., vol. 41; Israelsohn Arb. Wien. neurol. Inst., vol. 20; {central fissure) 

 Symington and Crymble, Jour. Anat. and Physiol., vol. 47; {brain-weight) Pearl, 

 Jour. Comp. Neurol., vol. 25; Spitzka, Phila. Med. Jour., 1903; {ventricles 

 Harvey, Anat. Rec, vol. 4; {mid-brain and medulla) Sabin, Atlas, 1901; {tri- 

 geminal nuclei) Willems, Nevraxe, T. 12; {spinal cord, comparative) Bullard, 

 Amer. Jour. Anat., vol. 14. C. Peripheral. {Histogenesis) Bardeen, Amer. 

 Jour. Anat., vol. 2; {experimental) Harrison, Amer. Jour. Anat., vol. 5; Jour. 

 Exper. ZooL, vol. 9; {phylogeny of facial) Sheldon, Anat. Rec, vol. 3; {trigeminus) 

 Symington, Jour. Anat. and Physiol., vol. 45; {nervus termnia.lis) Johnston, Anat. 

 Rec, vol. 8. {afferent spinal neurones) Ranson, Jour. Comp. Neurol., vol. 18; 

 {structure) Ranson, Anat. Rec, vol. 3; {brachial plexus) Todd, Anat. Anz., Bd. 42; 

 {abdominal, statistical) Bardeen, Amer. Jour. Anat., vol. 1 {sympathetic termina- 

 tions) Boeke, Anat. Anz., vol. 44. 



