THE NOSE 



1201 



below ferminate on each side in the margin of the nose [margo nasi]; posteriorly 

 and interiorly the sides are expanded and more convex, forming the alae nasi. 

 Each of these is separated from the rest of the lateral surface by a sulcus, and the 

 inferior free margin of each bounds a naris laterally. 



Three types of nose, distinguished by differences in the proportion of breadth and length are 

 recognised by anthropologists: the leptorrhine or long, high nose; the platyrrhine or short, low 

 nose; the mesorrhine, a form intermediate between the other two. The leptorrhine type 

 prevails among white races, the platyrrhine in the black peoples and the mesorrhine in the 

 red and yellow races. 



Fig. 962. — Anterior View of the External Nose, showing its Cartilages, etc. 



Nasal bone 



Nasal process of the maxilla 



Lateral nasal cartilage 



Lateral crus of greater 

 alar cartilage 



m{)i\ '[ 



Lacrimal groove M^ / ^ ' ^ \ ^ ^ ' 



Groove on anterior border of 

 nasal septal cartilage 



Sesamoid cartilages 

 Lesser alar cartilages 



Cellular tissue of ala 



The framework of the external nose is formed partly of bone'and partly of hyaline cartilage 

 The bones, which form only the smaller superior part, are the two nasal bones and the fronta 

 processes and anterior nasal spines of the two maxillae (pp. 87, 108). 



The nasal cartilages [cartilagines nasi] are located about the piriform aperture 

 and constitute the larger part of the nasal framework. There are five principal 

 cartilages: superiorly, the two lateral nasal cartilages, inferiorly the two greater 



Fig. 963. — Inferior View of the External Nose, showing its Cartilages, etc. 



Nasal septal cartilage - 



Lateral crus of greater 

 alar cartilage 



Medial crus of greater 

 alar cartilage 



Anterior nasal spine 

 of the maxilla 



Nasal septal cartilage 



^^^s Cellular tissue of ala 



alar cartilages, and the single median nasal septal cartilage. Beides these there 

 are the lesser alar cartilages, the sesatnoid cartilages, and the vomer o-nasal carti- 

 lages of Jacobson. The lateral nasal cartilages [cartilagines nasi laterales] are 

 triangular and nearly flat lateral expansions of the septal cartilage, placed one on 

 each side of the nose just inferior to the nasal bone. Each presents an inner and 

 an outer surface and three margins. The medial margin is continuous in its supe- 

 rior third with the anterior margin of the septal cartilage, and through this with its 



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