1308 THE SKIN, MAMMARY GLANDS AND DUCTLESS GLANDS 



tracted surrounding hollow viscera. When in situ with the stomach distended its 

 shape may be compared to a blunt spherical wedge with a concave apex and 

 rounded extremities, and possessing therefore three surfaces (fig. 1062); but 

 when the stomach is contracted and the left flexure of the colon distended an addi- 

 tional surface is produced and its shape becomes tetrahedral (fig. 1063). Inter- 



FiG. 1064. — Spleen Showing Tubercle on the Intermediate Border. 



-Extremitas superior 



Tubercle 



Renal surface 



Gastric surface 



Margo anterior 



Extremitas inferior 



mediate forms between these extremes are produced by variations in the degree 

 of distention of stomach and colon. The spleen presents two aspects : lateral or 

 parietal, against the diaphragm; and medial or visceral, toward the abdominal 

 cavit5^ In its usual wedge form the three surfaces of the spleen are diaphrag- 

 matic, gastric, and renal. There are three borders, anterior, posterior, and inter- 

 mediate; and two extremities, superior and inferior. 



Fig. 1065. — Cross-section of the Body at the Lower Part of the Epigastric Region. 



(Riidinger.) 



Transverse colon Aorta 



Stomach 



Pancreas 



Suprarenal 

 gland 



Spleen 

 Diaphragm 



Kidney 



Kidney 



The diaphragmatic surface [facics (liaj)liragmatica] is a smooth convex surface 

 with an irregularly oval outline, in the W(;dge-shaped spleens wider cephalically, 

 but in the tetrahedral-shaped sj^lccns wider caudally. It looks dorsally toward 

 the left and somewhat cephalically. 



It lies against the diaphragm over an area opposite the ninth, tenth, and eleventh ribs and 

 the intervening intercostal spaces, with its long axis corresponding in a general way to the course 



