230 HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. [1720, 



assault and battery committed on a female, the sentence was a 

 fine of <£50, " and to stand in the pillory at Chester between y* 

 hours of 10 and 2 on the 5"" day of October, and that he give 

 security for his good behaviour during 7 years next ensuing." 



A road was laid out in 1719 from Goshen to Philadelphia, 

 commencing " at the intersection of the Goshen mill road with 

 the Providence road." This road passed by what was formerly 

 known as "the Old Square," in Newtown township, and a short 

 distance beyond that point it entered " the Great road leading to 

 Philadelphia." 



After the death of William Penn, his eldest son, William, 

 claimed the right to administer the government of the Province, 

 and accordingly issued a new commission to Lieut. -Gov. Keith. 

 After consulting with his Council, and also with the Assembly, 

 the Governor declined the new commission, and continued to act 

 under his former appointment. This decision met with the 

 approbation of the home Government. William Penn, the 

 younger, died two years after his father, and after some 

 litigation, not only the Province, but the government of it, 

 descended to John, Thomas, and Richard Penn, the surviving 

 sons of the Proprietary by his second wife Hannah Callowhill. 



The literature of the Province, so far as the people generally 

 were concerned, was very much restricted to religious publica- 

 tions. These productions were standard works or controversial 

 writings of the Society of Friends, published in England, and 

 sometimes republished in Philadelphia. Such books were dis- 

 tributed with a profuse liberality by the several monthly 

 meetings among their members. Besides Epistles and Testi- 

 monies concerning deceased members, few original works had 

 been published in the Province. 



Haverford Monthly Meeting had maintained a direct corres- 

 pondence with the Yearly Meeting of Wales, and there is not 

 wanting other proofs in the minutes of that meeting, that the 

 attachment of the Welsh settlers for their native land was 

 stronger than that which obtained among the English. 



Ellis Pugh, a Welsh preacher of some eminence, at first 

 settled in Radnor, but subsequently removed to Gwynedd, where 

 he died in 1718. He paid a religious visit to his native land in 

 1707, and, upon his return the following year, " a concern 

 came upon him" to write a book, "to direct the unlearned 

 Britains of low degree, to know God and Christ, the Life 

 eternal;" which he wrote for the most part during his last 

 sickness. 



Though Haverford and Gwynedd now constituted separate 

 monthly meetings, they united in the serious concern of publish- 

 ing this Welsh book, each meeting having appointed a committee 



