1150 A MONOGRAPH OF THE AUSTRALIAN SPONGES, 



Fig. 38.— a and h. Sycandra Ramsayi. R. v. L. Tdradiate sagittal 

 spicules of the Parencayma (a) which often show an incipient 

 fourth ray {b.) 



Fig. 39. — a and h. Sycandra Ramsayi. R. v L. Quadrii-adiate spicules, 

 a of the Gastral part of the Parenchyma, h of the Gastral wall. 

 The sagittal ray of the former lies centrifugally, that of the 

 latter centripetally. 



Fig. 40. — a h and c. Sycandra Ramsayi. R. v. L. Acerate spicules of the 

 dermal tufts a lai-ge straight spindle-shaped acerate, h and c 

 irregular curved spicules numerous at the base of the tufts. 



Fig. 41.— Grantessa sacca. R. v. L. Photograplied from a spirit specimen. 



Fig. 42. — Grantessa sacca. R. v. L. Transverse section, through a one of 

 the tufts of spicules conspicuous in fig. 41 . 



Fig. 43.— Leucandra meandrina. R. v. L. Transverse section. The 

 dermal cortex a is penetrated by the pores which open into 

 tangental canals b, from which centripetal inhalent tubes c take 

 their origin. The exhalent centripetal canals d lead into 

 tangental wide and lacunose canals e with mostly an oval 

 transverse section, which finally open into others f, just below 

 the Gastral wall. These are in connection with the Gastral g 

 by irregular pores P. 



Fig. 44. — Leucandra meandrino. R. v. L. A Gastral quadriradiate spicule. 



Fig. 45. Leucandra meandrina. R. v. L. a Parenchymal triradiate 

 spicule. 



Figs. 46, 47. — Leucandra saccharata, Haeckel. Photographed from spirit 

 specimens. 



