BY THE REV. J. E. TENISON- WOODS, F.G.S., P.L.S., &C. 1189 



seldom above 1500 feet high and presenting precipitous sides of 

 greyish or blueish rock very beautifully variegated with stalactites 

 and various infiltrations of iron oxides. The vegetation on these 

 rocks is to some extent difierent from that of the granite, and no 

 doubt where it has been examined by the Rev. B. Scortechini, 

 will show most interesting and new features. 



It is quite evident that this limestone has been subject to 

 enormous denudation and of a very rapid kind. Like all similar 

 rocks the hills are full of caves situate on the face of the clifis, 

 inaccessible without appliances. In these caves tin sand is found,' 

 evidently derived from the granite. Some of this tin drift with 

 granite detritus occurs in caves several hundred feet above the 

 present level of the plains whence any stream could affect them, 

 and three or four miles from the nearest granite rocks. This will 

 give an idea of the extent to which erosion has worn away these 

 rocks, I shall have occasion subsequently to describe some of the 

 mines worked in these caves. 



From near Pappan, and again from the hill on which the 

 residence of Mr. de la Croix is built at Lahat, excellent views 

 may be obtained of this singular range. Its irregular outline and 

 the white faces of its cliffs make it a conspicuous feature, especially 

 as the cliffs and the dense dark green vegetation with which they 

 are always surrounded give strong contrasts of colour. 

 ^ 10. Alluvial Valley.— ThQ width of the valley between the 

 limestone hills and the main range is not great, but varies from one 

 to ten miles. It is broken up by many ridges of both limestone 

 and granite amid which flow rivulets and small rivers. In some 

 of these smaller valleys tin is worked and in all it may be expected. 

 11. Central Granite Chain.— The few opportunities I have had 

 of examing spurs of this range convinces me that it differs in no 

 essential particular from the Thaiping Range. It is granitic and 

 rises into greater elevations. Some of its summits are supposed to 

 be between 8000 and 9000 feet above the sea. Seen from a 

 distance the highest peaks have a grand and picturesque aspect. 

 As far as the country is known this range is believed to be the 

 main axis of elevation. All the other granite ranges are detached 



