BY THE REV. J. E. TENISON-WOODS, F.G.S , F.L.S., &C. 1195 



the mines referredto, the spin- of the range isvery steep, and the wash 

 from it may on that account have been carried out much further. 

 As a matter of course, the further from the hills, the finer the tin, 

 as only small particles of the ore can be carried any distance by 

 water. Two miles seems to be about the limit to which the very 

 fine particles of tin have been carried into the plains by floods. 



These mines seem to confirm the view that the rich tin deposits 

 have been formed by the wearing down of the paleozoic clays at 

 their junction with the granite. There is less oxide of iron and 

 coloured clays in these mines than in those at Thaiping. White 

 porcelain clays and sands are the rule. In many places however, 

 the drift lies upon the softened and almost disintegrated paleozoic 

 clays, showing that they still lie at the foot of the hills, and must 

 have been very much worn away in the wash and denudation that 

 have laid the granite bare, 



Kamunting, 



These mines are at the foot of the range about three miles 

 north of Thaiping. The di'ift lies ujion the paleozoic clays in some 

 mines and in others upon the granite. They are all very close to 

 the base of the mountain from which they have been derived. It 

 appeared to me as if the deposits could be shown to follow the 

 course of more than one ancient stream bed. Both here and at 

 Assam Kumbang, there are deposits of vegetable matter some 

 eight to fourteen feet thick. Large tx-ees and stumps with legs are 

 found, the stumps and roots being often in the position in which 

 they grew. This shows that the locality has been alternately the 

 bed of a stream and the site of a forest, probably when the stream 

 took a difierent course and left the banks and bed free to receive a 

 forest vegetation. 



Another peculiar cii'cumstance connected with the clays in these 

 localities is the water standing in any of the old workings 

 becomes a beautiful pale blue colour. Neither by microscopic 

 examination nor chemical tests was I able to find any satisfactory 



