Hymenoptera. 19 



2. Eyes large, convex, distinctly pigmented; fulturse very strong and broad arms; 

 proboscis short, hardly reaching the thorax. (Phthirius [P. inguinalis. 

 Crab-louse] Pediculus [P. cdpifis, Head-louse; P. vestimenti. Body-louse]), 



(PI. 2, figs. 32, 33) PEDICtJLID-^ 



Eyes very indistinct or wanting; fulturse very narrow and closely applied to the 

 pharynx; beak very long. (Haematopinus [//. uriw5, Hog-louse].) 



HiEMATOPINID^ 



ORDER HYMENOPTERA. 



{PHLEBOPTERA) 



Moderate sized, small or minute, rarely very large; four mem- 

 branous wings, the fore pair larger and more completely veined; 

 venation rather complete but not complex, sometimes greatly re- 

 duced; mouth-parts mandibulate, but the maxillse usually adapted 

 for lapping liquid food; antennae variable; ocelli present; pro- 

 thorax not free; legs similar; tarsi usually five-jointed; abdomen 

 usually with six or seven visible segments; no cerci; ovipositor of 

 female usually sting-like, sometimes saw-like, occasionally greatly 

 elongate. Metamorphosis complete; larvae legless in the higher 

 forms. Habits variable, phytophagous, predatory, or parasitic. 

 Saw-flies, Wood-wasps, Ichneumon-flies, Ants, Wasps and Bees. 



1. Abdomen broadly sessile, attached over a large area (PI. 4, fig. 83); larvse with 



legs present, usually well developed; trochanters two-jointed (PI. 4, fig. 63); 

 hind wing with three basal cells. Suborder CHALASTOGASTRA 

 {=SYMPHYTA, SESSILIVENTRES, PHYTOPHAGA, TERE- 



BRANTIA) 2 



Abdomen petiolate or subpetiolate, never broadly sessile (PI. 4, figs. 76, 77); 

 larvae legless; trochanters one- or two-jointed; hind wing with less than 

 three basal cells. Suborder CLISTOGASTRA (= APOCRITA) 12 



2. Fore wings with three radial cells, i. e. two radial crossveins present; antennae 



many jointed, but with the three basal joints strongly developed, the third 

 very long. (Macroxyela, Xyela, Odontophyes) (PI. 3, fig. 36) 



XYELID^ 



Fore wings with only one or two radial cells, only one or no radial crossvein 



present 3 



3. Costal cell divided by a distinct longitudinal vein (the subcosta); antennae slen- 



der, becoming very thin apically, many-jointed; radial cell with one cross- 

 vein. (Pamphilius) (= Lyda), Neurotoma, Bactrocerus {LYDIDM) 



PAMPHILirDiE 

 Costal cell not divided 4 



4. Anterior tibiae with a single apical spur 5 



Anterior tibiae with two apical spurs. Saw-flies. (TENTHREDINOIDEA.) . 8 



