150 BIGGLK POUI^TRY BOOK. 



crj'stals and stir these into i pound of melted lard. Apply with an 

 old tooth brush, rubbing in well. Make applications at inter- 

 vals of a week. 



Worms in the intestines of fowls indicate disturbed diges- 

 tion. Ivoss of appetite and lack of thrift are signs of their 

 presence. Give santonin in 2-grain doses six hours apart. A few 

 hours after the second dose give a dessertspoonful of castor oil. 

 Or, put 15 drops of spirits of turpentine in a pint of water and 

 moisten the feed with it. Homeopathic — Cina, 3. 



Bumble-foot, caused by a bruise in flying down from 

 perches or in some similar manner. A small corn appears on 

 the bottom of the foot, which swells and ulcerates and fills with 

 hard, cheesy pus. With a sharp knife make a cross cut and 

 carefully remove all the pus. Wash the cavity with warm water, 

 dip the foot in a solution of one-fourth ounce sulphate of coppei; 

 to a quart of water and bind up with a rag and place the bird 

 on a bed of dry straw. Before putting on the bandage anoint 

 the wound with the ointment recommended for scaly leg or 

 coat it with iodine. 



Gapes, caused by the gape-worm, a parasite that attaches 

 itself to the windpipe, filling it up and causing the bird 

 to gasp for breath. The cut shows the natural size 

 of the parasite as it appears attached to the windpipe. 

 The worm is about three-fourths of an inch long, smooth 

 and red in color. It appears to be forked at one end, but 

 in reality each parasite is two worms, a male and 

 female, firmly joined together ; the male is shown at D, 

 and the female, which is the larger of the two, is seen at 

 1$. B is a section of the windpipe. This parasite breeds 

 in the common earth worm. Chicks over three months old are 

 seldom affected. If kept off of the ground for two months after 

 hatching, or on perfectly dry soil, or on land where affected 

 chicks have never run, chicks will seldom suffer from the 

 gapes. Old runs and infested soil should have frequent 

 dressings of lime. 



In severe cases the worms should be removed. To 

 do this put a few drops of kerosene in a teaspoonful of 

 sweet oil. Strip a soft wing feather of its web to 

 within an inch of the tip as .shown in the illustration, 

 dip in the oil, insert feather in windpipe, twirl and 



