RURAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT 57 



oi his farm, as he can when living on his farm. In Northern 

 Ontario, the pioneer farmer will be unable to attempt stock farm- 

 ing for many years, except on a very small scale. If the village 

 were surrounded by community grazing land, the live stock 

 would never need to be taken to the farm at all. All schemes 

 so far proposed for land settlement in Northern. Ontario 

 presuppose the construction of a good road for the transpor- 

 tation of farm produce. Given a good road there is no reason 

 why farmers should not live community life in villages with 

 city conveniences, and be taken to and from their farms each 

 day. 



In the proposed scheme the cost of building blocks of 

 dwellings and barns in villages would be less than the cost of 

 individual dwellings and barns on each farm. With central 

 heating for the village, water supply, electric light and power, 

 immense economies in the time of the farmer and his family 

 would be effected; with co-operative marketing and supplies, 

 great economies and increased profits could be effected; with 

 a village school within a few minutes'. .walk of every house, the 

 children would have more time to help, and with half the 

 chores eliminated, the farmers' time for the six winter months 

 would be free and could be employed on lumbering or other 

 industries started in the village. 



The scheme calls for the construction of 13 miles of good 

 road, giving direct frontage to 171 farms of 80 acres each. 

 It is proposed that half of each farm, 40 acres, nearest the 

 good road should be allotted to each farmer and sufficient 

 cleared and drained to enable him to make a living. A ser- 

 vice of motor trucks travelling at suitable hours along the 

 two main roads would carry the farmer to and from his fields and 

 carry produce. Cheap sheds on the fields, to shelter machin- 

 ery and horses, would be the only buildings required. 



It is proposed that all village property, pasture lands, 

 allotments, etc., should be the property of a joint stock com- 

 pany, with guaranteed bonds and a fixed rate of interest. 

 The plans show two types of house for varying sized families, 

 the rents to include heating and hot and cold water supply. 

 The central heating plant would be run with unmarketable 

 wood as fuel, of which there will be an abundant supply for some 

 years to come. For the benefit of those with large families, 

 or an inclination for the raising of garden produce, half-acre 

 allotments in the immediate vicinity of the village are shown. 



The centre of the village would consist of one main street, 

 on which would be built such public buildings as are essential 

 to any community life. (Figure 12.) 



Manitoba Scheme 

 As in Northern Ontario so in Western Canada, there are the same 

 allegations of poverty and deterioration, due to social isolation, be- 

 cause of the failure to recognize that social intercourse is one of the ne- 



