RURAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT 155 



in any adequate sense by few people or by any people living in sparsely 

 populated territory. In proportion as education is improved, the 

 facilities for cultivating and enjoying it in rural districts must be 

 provided, or the emigration to the towns of the best young people 

 must continue. 



As the farmer advances in knowledge, and in business efficiency 

 as a result of that knowledge, as his revenue increases and he thereby 

 receives a stimulus to acquire a higher measure of comfort, he will 

 thereby become a better customer for the manufacturer. 



More education and scientific training of farmers and their child- 

 ren is therefore needed. But how can it be given when farms are so 

 scattered and village centres in agricultural districts are so few? 

 How can the farm be brought nearer to the school, and the school 

 taken nearer to the farm? Why should the potentialities of the 

 picture house as an educational institute be so little developed in 

 rural districts? These are no idle questions, for the solution of the 

 land problem lies very largely in finding an effective answer to them. 



Scientific and Industrial Research 



Under the chairmanship of Dr. A. B. McCallum, of the Univer- 

 sity of Toronto, an advisory council of experts has been appointed 

 by the Federal Government to enquire into scientific and industrial 

 research work in Canada and, inter alia, to make a study of commonly 

 used resources, the waste and by-products of farms, forests, fisheries, 

 and industries, with a view to their utilization in new or subsidiary 

 processes of manufacture. In announcing the appointment of the 

 advisory council the Government expresses the hope that it will 

 thereby render valuable assistance to a movement the "expansion 

 of which is not only vital to the proper development of our rich re- 

 sources, but which is absolutely necessary in order to enable us to 

 compete with progressive countries in the great race of national 

 expansion." 



Proposed National Organization 



In a memorandum on "Industrial Preparedness," submitted to 

 the Prime Minister of Canada by a committee of well-known engin- 

 eers, it was argued that a concerted effort should be made to deter- 

 mine our requirements for domestic and foreign trade and to investi- 

 gate the results from an economic standpoint. "Rapid increase of 

 population and urban concentration demand I he creation and de- 

 velopment of new mechanisms to provide food, clothing and habi- 

 tations. Industrial enterprises must be created (<» support the 



