24 



ews it up ; upholsters the interior with silken threads, and takes pos- 

 session, even having provided against the ingress of water by a flap, 

 shaped when the pattern is cut out." It is an interesting fact that only 

 the second brood of larvae exhibits an instinct for thus forming homes. 

 The butterfly is most frequent in July, and is usually found in low 

 grounds, about clumps of willows, upon the leaves of which the larvae 

 feed. Additional foot plants are poplar, plum and oak 



APATURA, Fabricius. 



47. (244.) APATURA CELTIS, Bd.-Lec. The Eyed Emperor. The 



Hackberry Butterfly. 

 Apatura celtis, Morris, Lep. N. A. , 1862, 68. 



French, Sev. Rep. St. Ento. 111., 1878, 155. 

 Id., But, E. U. S., 1886, 215, figs. 63, 64. 

 Edwards, But. N. A., II, 1884, 231, pi. 38. 

 Blatchley, Ind.. Farmer, 1887, May 11. 



Chlvrippe celtus, Scudder, But. E. U. S. and Can., 1889, III, 1788 

 This species is found in the southern half of the State and as far north 

 as Wabash County, where it has been taken by the writer, but it is 

 nowhere abundant. It flies during July and August in low, open woods, 

 especially those where the food plant of the larva, Celtis occidentalis, or 

 the hackberry tree, grows. Celtis has a swift flight and darts rapidly from 

 one object to another as if actuated by curiosity, often alighting upon the 

 body of the person pursuing it or upon the net, where it opens and closes 

 its wings rapidly for a few seconds, and then starts out on a short circuit 

 soon to return again. The larvae pass the winter hidden among the ridges 

 in the bark of the hackberry and may be found feeding on the buds as 

 soon as the latter appear in spring. 



48. (248.) APATURA CLYTON, Bd.-Lec. The Tawny Emperor. 

 Apatura ch/ton, Morris, Lep. N. A., 1862, 68. 



French, Sev. Rep. St. Eat. 111., 1878, 155. 

 Id., But. E. U. S., 1886, 218, figs. 65, 66. 

 Edwards, But. N. A., II, 1884, 245, pi. 39. 

 Blatchley, Ind. Farmer, 1887, May 11. 

 ChMppe clyton, Scudder, But. E. U. S. and Can., 1889, I, 241; 



III, pis. 16, 19, 64, 74, 83. 



The range of this species in the State coincides with that of A. celtis, 

 the food plant being the same. It is, however, much less common than 

 the latter, having been taken in but five counties, whereas celtis is re- 

 ported in all the lists but two. Neither species is found in the north- 

 western corner of the State. Of the two forms of clyton, ocellata, Edw., 

 is the more common. There is but one brood each season, the butterfly 



