12 APPLE. 



"These cocoons are restored to the soil for future observations ; at 

 the present time the caterpillar is unchanged inside as it left the fruit 

 in July, — alive and perfect. 



" There is no evidence of the caterpillars either crawling down 

 the trees to bury themselves, or of crawling up the trees from a fruit 

 that has fallen before they (the caterpillars) have matured, but there is 

 almost no doubt of their dropping to the earth independently of the 

 Apples, as they appear to drop when released from the fruit from an in- 

 definite height without injury. This was repeated again and again to 

 account for the fact that a great many infected (recently) Apples re- 

 mained on the trees after the caterpillar had disappeared; but as single 

 specimens, so far removed from any other fruits that theij ivould not he 

 reached hi/ the caterpillar in the fattened sluggisli state of nearly full ma- 

 turity. Also in an instance or two where only three or four fruits 

 remained all infested, — the caterpillars being present, — subsequent ex- 

 amination showed that the caterpillars had gone, whilst the fruits 

 remained. Query — Where did they go unless they dropped to the 

 earth ? 



" The evidence would tend to prove also that the caterpillars in 

 their immature state do not fall so generally with the fruits as might 

 be supposed. They appear to leave a fruit before it has lost its vitality 

 enough to fall, and if a violent wind or shaking brings them down by 

 other than a natural falling, the caterpillars are immature, and cannot 

 perfect their changes, consequently perish. 



"I may state here that a caterpillar half- grown will take the 

 ground as the full-grown specimen ; some of various sizes were so 

 allowed to burrow in the pot, but only cocoons representing the 

 number of matured caterpillars are found after a month." — (W. C, 

 Feb. 24th). 



On May 19th, I was further favoured by the following notes of ob- 

 servations made by Mr. Coleman, of the date of appearance and method 

 of attack, dc, of the fiy, and other points of very practical, as well as 

 scientific, interest in the life-history of the Apple 8awfly. 



May 19th. The cocoons. — " The flies are now hatching from 

 these simultaneously, both from the earth in the pot, and from open 

 ground beneath the Apple trees ; the first in captivity showing itself 

 on the 14tli May ; on the 16tli two or three more made their appear- 

 ance. 



"From the 14th, the earliest of the Apple trees, and those most 

 profusely blossomed, were carefully watched (bush or pyramid trees), 

 and on the IGth the fly was observed amongst the blossoms. Since 

 that time the number is indefinite, as about fifty have been captured 

 and killed in a search through as many trees. 



" The flies hatched out in captivity were immediately placed in a 



