VARIOUS CORN AND GRASS ATTACKS. 41 



into in many of my previous Reports, with description and figure, and 

 life-history, and habits of the insects, and also information up to date 

 of the best known means of prevention and remedy, it does not seem 

 desirable to enter on these attacks again here, excepting where some 

 new point of serviceableness in some way or other has been brought 

 forward. 



Therefore I only give the following short notes of some of our 

 common corn and grass attacks to preserve the record of their 

 presence, referring the reader to my previous Reports for figures 

 and descriptions, and in the case of Daddy Longlegs and Wireworm 

 also to my leaflets, which I shall be happy to forward gratuitously to 

 any applicant. 



Amongst the regular corn pests recorded during the past season, 

 we had, as usual, the Cldorops or Gout Fly attack in Barley ; the 

 Wheat-bulb Maggot of the Hylemijia coarctata was also present, and so 

 was Frit Fly [Oscims frit), of which respectively one observer noted 

 that " the Wheat-bulb Fly has not done so much mischief here as in 

 former years, nor has Frit Fly been guilty of any real mischief, the 

 frequent rains causing Oats to spread or tiller so as to fill up all vacant 

 spots." — (D. D. Gibb.) Tulip-root in Oats, of which some well-marked 

 specimens were sent me, will be found noticed under observations of 

 Tylenchiis devastatrix, the Eelworra which causes the malformation, 

 and of Heterodera Schachtii, another kind of Eelworm which, though 

 we have not yet found it at Oat roots, is in England, and has now 

 been recorded as found at Oat as near us as Holland. 



No reports at all were sent me of damage from maggot of the 

 Corn Sawfly, the Ceplms pijr/vKeus, which in some years does great 

 mischief by feeding within corn stems, so as to injure the yield, and 

 finally gnawing them nearly through in a ring about ground-level, so 

 that at the first wind the stems fall. It does not seem too much to 

 hope that the preventive measures for recurrence of this attack 

 being very practicable, and having been repeatedly given, they 

 may have been the means of lessening amount of presence of this 

 infestation. 



Of insect attacks affecting the ears of corn crops, alluding more 

 especially to the corn Aphides, or Plant Lice, and Red Maggot, there 

 did not appear to be any, noticeably destructive, over large areas ; but 

 in the case of the little Corn Thrips, the Thrips cercalium of Haliday, 

 which has a great capacity for injuring grain in the ear, though it was 

 not reported, I had reason to think, from my own observations, and 

 some made at my request, that it was more present than was 

 generally known of.''' 



* With regard to this attack, as I have the advantage of being in communi- 

 cation with Prof. J. Jablonowski, Assistant Entomologist at the Experimental 



