24 



spotted berries were included, only those of which the parchment was 

 found, in the course of preparation, to be injured or seriously dis- 

 colored were selected for the final preparation, such parchment being 

 taken as corresponding to the larger, deeper Cercospora spots. 

 Those with sound parchment were not considered farther except to 

 be measured, as it was thought that sound berries or those slightly 

 spotted would give only good grains. Later it was' found that some 

 of the injury to the parchment on the berries selected for final prepa- 

 ration was due to merely mechanical injury of the pulping machine. 

 Moreover, it was found that a certain proportion of the sound berries 

 contained bad grains. The results are for this reason not given in 

 full, although they give as uniform and pronounced differences in 

 favor of the product of the shaded trees as the later, more accurate 

 work. Of the grains with any sort of injury the percentage was 33 

 for the unshaded trees and 19 for the shaded the first year, and the 

 following year 29 and 20 per cent, respectively. 



During the last season in which this work was carried on only the 

 more severely attacked berries or those in which some effect on the 

 grain seemed possible were used, the slightly affected ones being 

 classed with the sound berries. The proportion of imperfect grains 

 of all sorts was determined, and of these the blackened ones were 

 separated and also determined. The results given in percentages are 



as follows: 



The effect of shade on the quality of the grain. 



Shaded. 



Un- 

 shaded. 



All injured grains in good berries 



Blackened grains in good berries 



All injured grains in badly spotted berries. 

 Blackened grains in badly spotted berries. 



Per cent. 



4.5 



2.0 



27.0 



9.0 



Per cent. 

 19.0 

 11.0 

 45.0 

 36.0 



It is evident that the berries more severely spotted by Cercospora 

 contain a greater proportion of bad grains than the unspotted, indi- 

 cating that the fungus does influence the quality of the grain unfavor- 

 ably. That the sound- appearing berries should give so much inferior 

 grain or any at all is surprising and not yet well understood. The 

 larger proportion of bad grains in the Cercospora-affected berries 

 from the imshaded field is in accordance with the greater abundance 

 of the more severely attacked berries generally apparent in such con- 

 ditions. The results show in every instance, whether from spotted 

 or sound berries, a smaller proportion of bad grains to be produced 

 from the shaded field. 



It is clear that Cercospora has nothing to do with a considerable 

 proportion of the inferior grains, since they occur in sound berries. It 

 has never been found among the organisms isolated from the grains 



